Nervous System Part 2

Question 1

Between the vertebrae and dura mater

Answer 1

Epidural space

Question 2

○ Tough mater
○ Thick and strong layer, dense irregular
connective tissue
○ Extends to vertebra S2 (well beyond the
spinal cord)

Answer 2

Dura mater

Question 3

Contains interstitial fluid

Answer 3

Subdural space

Question 4

○ Resembles a spider’s web
○ Thin, avascular covering of loosely
arranged collagen and elastic fibers
○ Extends into subarachnoid space

Answer 4

Arachnoid mater

Question 5

CSF circulates in this space

Answer 5

Subarachnoid space

Question 6

○ Thin, delicate layer
○ Adheres to surface spinal cord (and
brain)
○ Contains blood vessels

Answer 6

Pia mater

Question 7

○ Thickenings of pia mater
○ Fuse with arachnoid mater and dura
mater
○ Between the anterior and posterior
nerve of roots of spinal nerves
○ Suspend the spinal cord at the middle
○ Protects the spinal cord from sudden
displacement → shock

Answer 7

Denticulate ligaments

Question 8

○ Long hollow needle inserted into the

subarachnoid space

Answer 8

Spinal tap/Lumbar puncture

Question 9

where does spinal cord ends?

Answer 9

L2 (superior border)

Question 10

until where do spinal meninges extend to?

Answer 10

extend to S2

Question 11

shape of spinal cord

Answer 11

roughly oval

Question 12

from and until where do the spinal cord in adults extends to?

Answer 12

Extends from medulla of brain to L2 superior border

Question 13

from and until where do the spinal cord in newborns extends to?

Answer 13

Extends up to L3/L4

Question 14

Arise from conus medullaris

Answer 14

Filum Terminale

Question 15

Paths of communication between spinal cord and body regions

Answer 15

Spinal Nerves

Question 16

Bundles of axons

Answer 16

roots

Question 17

Connects each spinal nerve to a
segment of the cord by even smaller
bundles of axons (rootlets)

Answer 17

Roots: Bundles of axons

Question 18

○ Contains only sensory axons

○ Each posterior root has a swelling, the posterior (dorsal) root ganglion - contains the cell bodies of sensory neurons

Answer 18

Posterior (dorsal) Roots & Rootlets

Question 19

this external anatomy of the spinal cord contains

only motor axons

Answer 19

Anterior (ventral) roots & rootlets

Question 20

○ Lumbar, sacral and coccygeal regions -
do not leave the vertebral column at
the same level they exit the cord
○ Their roots angle inferiorly alongside
the filum terminale

Answer 20

Spinal Cord shorter than vertebral column

Question 21

○ Extends inferior to end of spinal cord
○ Consists of roots of lumbar, sacral and
coccygeal spinal nerves

Answer 21

Cauda Equina (horse’s tail)

Question 22

Consists of white columns, myelinated axons of neurons

Answer 22

White matter