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pyb100 > week 9: personality > Flashcards

week 9: personality Flashcards

1
Q

what is personality

A

enduring patterns of thought, feeling, motivation and behaviour that are expressed in different circumstances

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2
Q

Freud: Psychoanalytic 3 part Theory

A

Id, Ego, and Superego formed from psychic energy (Libido)

the 3 parts regularly in conflict

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3
Q

what is id stage of personality

A

Instinctual nature of humans

instincts: primitive, irrational, illogical
eg. being thirsty and if not getting need met will make someone iritible

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4
Q

what is the ego stage personality

A

rational and objective
(conscious decision-making process)
eg. ego stops you from attacking someone who cuts you off in traffic

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5
Q

what is the superego stage personality

A

internalised moral standards
The conscience and the ideal self
eg. feelings of guilt

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6
Q

what is the 5 factor model (the big 5)

A 
openness to experience
conscientiousness 
extroversion
agreeableness 
neuroticism 
(OCEAN)
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7
Q

what is the 5 factor model (the big 5)

A 
openness to experience
conscientiousness 
extroversion
agreeableness 
neuroticism 
(OCEAN)
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8
Q

openness stage of the 5 factor model traits

A

intellectual curiosity and independence

eg. imaginative, daring, curious, original

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9
Q

conscientiousness stage of the 5 factor model traits

A

organised, persistent, and dependable

eg. hardworking, reliable and persevering

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10
Q

extroversion stage of the 5 factor model traits

A

outgoing and sociable

eg. talkative, friendly, fun-loving

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11
Q

agreeableness stage of the 5 factor model traits

A

compassionate and trusting of others

eg. soft-hearted, courteous, trusting, selfless

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12
Q

neuroticism stage of the 5 factor model traits

A

emotionally variable and impulsive

eg. nervous, worrying, self-conscious

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13
Q

the dark triad of personality

A

psychopathy
narcissism
machiavellianism

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14
Q

psychopath traits

A

egocentric, superficial charm, lacking empathy, lacking guilt

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15
Q

psychopath 5 factor model

A

higher openness, lower conscientiousness, higher extroversion, lower agreeableness, lower neuroticism

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16
Q

narcissism traits

A

love for self far stronger than love for others, perception of self-superiority and entitlement

17
Q

narcissism 5 factor model

A

higher openness, higher extroversion, lower agreeableness

18
Q

Machiavellianism traits

A

manipulative, deceitful, usually for personal gain

19
Q

Machiavellianism

5 factor model

A

lower conscientiousness, lower agreeableness

20
Q

hexaco personality model

A 
honesty/humility
emotionality
extraversion
agreeableness 
conscientiousness 
openness to experience
(HEXACO)
21
Q

The Big Five and Job Performance

A

Extraversion: Predicts job performance for managers & police officers, Within jobs, predicts team/ training performance
Emotional Stability (Neuroticism): Predicts job performance, predicts team performance
Agreeableness: Predicts team performance
Conscientiousness:
Predicts overall job performance
Openness to Experience: predicts training performance

22
Q

Are the Big Five traits related to academic performance

A
  • Conscientiousness positively predicts university GPA

- Neuroticism negatively predicts academic satisfaction

23
Q

Profiling personalities of criminals

A

Psychopathy is associated with higher chances of arrest, prison, and probation

24
Q

Context dependence in personality

A
  • personality constructs are poor predictors of individual behaviours
  • Situations are more important than traits for explaining behaviour
    eg. will behave differently to friend compared to boss compared to a child
25
Q

resolutions in context-dependence

A

Resolution 1: Interactionism
-Traits and situations interact
Resolution 2: Aggregation
-Traits are poor predictors of single behaviours
-Better at predicting how people are likely to behave in aggregate

26
Q

what is the Thematic Apperception Test

A

participants looked at 30 images and were told to make a story up surrounding it. Stories were analysed for the presence of themes

27
Q

can personality change?

A

yes,
cross-cultural studies show adults are achievement orientated and confident whereas with age their activity levels declined and become more introverted and introspected

28
Q

Universal maturational changes in the 5 factor model

A

less neuroticism, extroversion and openness to experiences

more conscientiousness and agreeableness

pyb100 (9 decks)

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