Magnesium Disorder Flashcards
What are the physiological roles of magnesium
cofactor for many enzymatic reactions (ATPase,glycolysis), protein biosyntheis, nucleotide metabolism
What are ions the are influenced by magnesium ,how
Ca2+ (modulates calcium binding and release from the sarcoplasmic reiculum), K+ (blocks outward movment of K+ through K+ channels in cardiac cells
What is the normal range for magnesium in the blood, total body mEq
1.7 to 2.4 mg/dl, 2000 mEq
T/F: Supplementing magnesium through the mouth is sufficient
False: Magnesium absorption through the GI is only 30-35%
What is the most common way to lose magnesium
Renal
What are moderate to severe levels of hypomagnesia
1.5 (moderate) to 1.2 mg/dL (severe)
What are the symptoms that are specific to hypomagnesia
muscle fasciculations, torsade de pointes
What is the dose of magnesium needed to treat hypomagnesia, what are the side effects
300 to 600 mg elemental magnesium every day, N/V diarrhea
Put the magnesium salt forms in order from highest elemental Mg to lowest
Oxide, hydroxide, chloride, gluconate
What is the infusion rate for magnesium, what is the dose in mild, moderate, and severe hypomagnesia
1 gram/hour, 1-2 grams/100ml D5W, 2-4 grams/100ml D5W, 4-8 grams/100ml D5W (infusion rate 2 grams every 15 mins)
T/F: If the CrCl is less than 30 ml/day the magnesium administered IV will be halved
True
What are side effects of magnesium IV
hypotension
What is the range that is classified as hypermagnesia
greater than 2.4mg/dl
What is the primary cause for hypermagnesia
GFR less than 30ml/min (bad kidneys)
What are symptoms that come from moderate to severe hypermagnesia
Hyporeflexia, muscle paralysis, cutaneous vasodilation (hypotension)
