3.1 Metabolism + Energy Flashcards
What is catabolism
breaks down complex materials to create energy and starting materials
What is Anabolism
biosynthesis of complex molecules from simpler molecules using energy
Potential Energy
stored energy that matter possesses due to its relative position + structure
Open System
matter and energy passes between system + surroundings
Closed System
only allows energy to pass between system + surroundings
Isolated System
doesn’t allow energy/matter to pass between system and surroundings
What is the First Law of Thermodynamics
Energy cannot be created/destroyed
during each energy conversion some energy dissipates into heat
What is chemical energy
the potential energy stored in bonds of molecules
What happens when bonds are formed between molecules
energy is released when bonds are formed
What happens when bonds are broken between molecules
energy is absorbed/required to break the bonds
What happens in an endothermic reaction
the energy absorbed is more than the energy released
What happens in an exothermic reaction
energy absorbed is less than energy released
What is the second law of thermodynamics
energy transformation procced spontaneously to convert matter from a more ordered less stable form to less ordered more stable form (entropy)
Does a catabolic reaction increase or decrease entropy?
it increases entropy as it takes more highly ordered forms of matter + breaks them down to less complex more stable forms
Does a anabolic reaction increase or decrease entropy?
it decreases entropy as organisms take simple, less ordered forms of matter + builds them into complex more ordered forms of matter
