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FunMed Anatomy RPE > Introduction to Body Cavities > Flashcards

Introduction to Body Cavities Flashcards

1
Q

what plane is this?

A

sagittal

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2
Q

what plane is this?

A

transverse

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3
Q

what is the name of this plane?

A

coronal plane

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4
Q

how do u look at an axial CT or MRI?

A

is if standing by bedside at feet

SO: Left hand site of CT = right hand side of patient

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5
Q

what is the cranial cavity continious with?

A

cranial cavity continues into vertebral canal

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6
Q

which subcavities are found in the thoracic region?

A

thoracic cavity:

  • pleural cavity (lungs)
  • mediastinum (heart, esophagus, trachea, thoracic nerves and systemic blood vessels)
  • pericardial cavity (inside the mediastinum) (heart)
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7
Q

what surrounds and protects the brain (inside the skull) - where do they go?

A

3 membranous layers: meninges - continue down vertebral column:

  • dura mater (outer layer)
  • arachnoid mater (middle layer - spider leg layer)
  • pia meter (closest to brain - follows the contours of the brain and spinal cord
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8
Q

what is found betwen the arachnoid and pia meter layers

role of ^?

A

sub arachnoid space: filled with cerbrospinal fluid

  • role: buffers and protects the brain and spinal scord
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9
Q
A
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10
Q

label this correctly

A
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11
Q

what is meningitis?

how test?

A

inflammation of the meninges

test: test CSF via lumbar puncture

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12
Q

what are serous membranes?

A

serous membranes: sealed, two layered internal cavities of the body. filled with serous fluid:

2 layers are continous:

a) partietal: line body cavity and share nerve supply to body wall: somatic
b) visceral: cover the organ and share same NS to organ: autonomic

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13
Q

which are the main three serous membranes?

A
  1. pleural cavity: serous membranes of lung
  2. pericardium: serous membrane o fheart
  3. peritoneum: serous membrane of (continuous membrane which lines the abdominal cavity and covers the abdominal organs)
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14
Q

how many pleural cavities are there?

whats in the mediastinum?

whats the pericardium

A
  • 2 - 2 lungs lol
  • mediastinum: where following are collected: heart, great vessels, trachea, oesophagus etc
  • peridcardium: a thin sac that surrounds your heart.
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15
Q

what is inbetween the viesceral and parietal pleura?

function of ^?

A
  1. pleural fluid
  2. function:
    - reduces friction of expansion / depression
    - help stick viseral pleura to parietal pleura
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16
Q

describe the structure of the pericardium

A

- viseral pericardium (surface of heart)

- parietal pericardium (ourtside of visc)

- parietal cavity: space between ^. filled with fluid

- fibrous pericardium: fibrous sack

17
Q

why is it bad if fibrous pericardium gets fluid in it?

A

bc cannot expand - so fluid drains into sac and builds up and compress the heart = cardiac tampondade

18
Q

what are these?

A

A - left lung

B - pleural cavity

C - oesophagus

D - thoracic aorta

E - peridcardium

19
Q

how do you split up the regions of the abdomen?

A
20
Q

what is the serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity?

A

peritoneum: has a visceral and parietal layer. BUT bc visercal layer folds to contain lots of different organs - get lots of different folds in peritoneum

21
Q

label these

A

phyloric sphincter controls movement of food into duodenum

22
Q

which organ does duodenum curl around?

A

head of the pancreas - pancreatic and bile ducts drain into duodenum

23
Q

which ducts drain into the duodenum?

A
  1. pancreatic duct
  2. bile duct
24
Q

where is pancreas found?

is the pancreas an exocrine or endocrine gland?

A

location: posterior abdomen wall

both !

25
Q

which organ is connected to the liver?

A

connected to gall bladder: liver produces bile, stored in gall bladder (which then goes to duodenum)

26
Q

what are the names for the different parts of the small intestine?

A

duodenum -> jejunum -> ileum

jejunum: upper left
ileum: lower right quadrant

27
Q

what are the different parts of the colon?

A
28
Q

what does spleen do ?

what type of organ?

A

location: upper left hand side of abdomen. behind stomach. quite posteriorly

organ type: lympathic organ

29
Q

which kidney sits higher than the other? why?

which gland is located superiorly to the kidney?

what is pathway from kidney to urethra?

A

right kidney is lower than left: liver pushes it down

above kidneys: adrenal glands

kidneys -> ureter -> bladder -> urethra

30
Q

how do you describe the different organs that located with the peritoneum?

A
  • organs stuck to the posterior abdomen wall: peritoneum covers the anterior surface of the organ (these organs = retroperiotneal organs)
  • organs that are full covered: intraperitoneal organs
31
Q

which organs are retroperitneal?

A

SAD PUCKER

S: suprarenal (adrenal) gland

A: aorta/IVC

D: duodenum (second and third part)

P: pancreas (except tail)

U: ureters

C: colon (ascending and descending)

K: kidneys

E: (o)oesophagus

R: rectum

32
Q
A

GO: greater omentum fold

LO: lesser omentum fold

M: mesentery folds

MC: mesocolon fold

33
Q

label this correctly pls xox

A
34
Q

what colours on the diagram are the lesser sac and the greater sac?

A

greater sac: green and peach

lesser sac: blue

35
Q

what is the epiploic foramen?

A

The epiploic foramen (also called the foramen of Winslow) is a passage between the greater sac (peritoneal cavity proper) and the lesser sac (omental bursa), allowing communication between these two spaces.

36
Q

identify A-E :)

A

A: right kidney
B: liver
C: gall bladder
D: pancreas
E: lumbar vert

37
Q

what seperates the thoracic and abdomenal organs?

what seperates the abdomen and pelvic organs?

A
  1. diaphragm
  2. nothing: abdominal peritoneum drapes over the pelvic organs
38
Q

how does the abdominal peritoneum

A

FunMed Anatomy RPE (19 decks)

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