Health, Fitness And Well-being

Question 1

Define health

Answer 1

A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Question 2

Define fitness

Answer 2

The ability to meet/cope with the demands of the environment

Question 3

Define well-being

Answer 3

A mix of physical, social and mental well-being that give people a sense of being comfortable, healthy and happy

Question 4

What are the physical benefits of health, fitness and well-being?

Answer 4

Strengthen your bone and muscle
Protect against many diseases
Reduce feelings of depression and anxiety

Question 5

What are the social benefits of health, fitness and well-being?

Answer 5

Increased self esteem
Increased confidence
Leadership skills

Question 6

What are the mental benefits of health, fitness and well-being?

Answer 6

Reduces anxiety
Reduces depression
Better sleep
More resilience

Question 7

What is a sedentary lifestyle?

Answer 7

A person’s lifestyle choice to have no or irregular physical activity

Question 8

What is obesity?

Answer 8

An individual with large fat content, caused by an imbalance of calories consumed to energy expenditure. Has a body mass index (BMI) of over 30

Question 9

What are the characteristics of a mesomorph?

Answer 9

Muscular
Broad shoulders
Wedge shaped body

Question 10

What are the characteristics of a endomorph?

Answer 10

More fat than muscle
Large diet
Pear shaped body

Question 11

What are the characteristics of a ectomorph?

Answer 11

Tall
Lean
Not much muscle or fat

Question 12

What somatotype would be suitable for a 200m sprinter?

Answer 12

200 metre will be an ectomorph because they will have longer strides as they have longer legs since they are tall, they can cover more ground faster than others

Question 13

What somatotype would be most suitable for a rugby player?

Answer 13

Endomorph, this is because they will carry a lot of body mass to be strong when they go into tackles. It makes it difficult for opposing players when pushing against them in a scrum or ruck

Question 14

What somatotype would be suitable for a sumo wrestler?

Answer 14

A sumo wrestler would be a mesomorph, this is because they will need a large body mass to ensure that their opposition will struggle to push them out of the circle. They could also be stronger than their opponent and push them out of the circle.

Question 15

List 4 factors that could effect the amount of energy we might need?

Answer 15

Gender
Age
Height
Lifestyle

Question 16

A well balanced diet should contain:

Answer 16

55-60% - carbohydrates
25-30% - fat
15-20% - protein

Question 17

Why does our body need energy?

Answer 17

Our bodies require energy for everything we do – for growth, repair, development and for movement when performing activities like running, swimming and walking

Question 18

What is a balanced diet?

Answer 18

A balanced diet consists of eating the correct amount of calories to match the energy you expend

Question 19

Explain 3 reasons why a balanced diet is important

Answer 19

• Too much food could mean that any unused energy is stored as fat, which could cause obesity
• Enough energy should be consumed so it is available for activity or the person may start to lose weight and feel tired
• The body needs nutrients for energy, growth and hydration to stay healthy

Question 20

Function of carbohydrates

Answer 20

Main and preferred energy source for all types of exercise, of all intensities.
For an athlete requiring lots of energy, carbohydrates are very important as they provide the body with glucose, however they will eventually run out after prolonged exercise.

Question 21

Function of fat

Answer 21

An energy source

It provides more energy than carbohydrates at low intensities

Question 22

Function of protein

Answer 22

Growth and repair of muscle tissue

Question 23

Function of vitamins and minerals

Answer 23

Important for maintaining the efficient working of the body systems and general health

Question 24

What is hydration?

Answer 24

Having enough water to enable functioning of the body

Question 25

What is dehydration?

Answer 25

This occurs when there is excessive loss of body water interrupting the functioning of the body

Question 26

Consequences of dehydration

Answer 26

• Heart rate increases which means the heart has to work harder to get oxygen to the working muscles
• The blood thickens (increased viscosity). This slows blood flow which means less oxygen is given to the working muscles and it is harder to remove waste products
• Reactions become slower and decision making is poorer