Pharm: Anti-helminths Flashcards
Albendazole
Use:
Neurocysticercosis: caused by Taenia solium
Hydatid Cyst Disease: Ecchinococcus granulosus
!Administer with anti-convulsant and steroid for first week of neurocysticercosis treatment!
Mebendazole
Use: Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm) Trichuris trichuira (whipworm) Ascaris lumbricoides (roundworm) Ancylostoma duodenal (hookworm)
AE: angioedema, teratogenic, steven johnson
Ivermectin
Use:
Onchocerca volvulus
Strongyloides stercoralis (threadworm)
AE: Mazzotti rxn (arthralgia, fever, edema, lymphadenopathy)
Diethylcarbamazepine
Use:
Wucheria bancrofti
Brugia Malayi
AE: Mazzotti reaction (this drug is the most common cause of this reaction)
Pyrantel Pamoate
Use: (mostly used in vets) Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm) Trichuris trichiura (whipworm) Ascaris lumbricoides (roundworm)
Used in pregnancy when Benzimidazoles are contraindicated
Praziquantel
Use: schistosomiasis
AE: CSF reaction syndrome
Niclosamide
Use: cestodes (tapeworms)
What is hydatid cyst disease?
Development of cysts mainly in the liver and lungs caused by Echinococcus granulosa.
What is neurocysticercosis?
Development of calcified cysts in the brain, eyes, and sometimes muscle from a Taenia solium (pork tapeworm) infection.
Symptoms and treatment of a Necator americanus infection.
Hookworm: penetrates skin on the feet migrates thru blood, heart, and to the lungs. Patients present with a ground itch at the site of penetration, respiratory irritation and asthma-like symptoms.
Treatment: mebendazole
Treatment of Enterobius v. and Ascaris l.
Mebendazole Pyrantel Pamoate (in pregnancy)
Method to diagnose Enterobius v.
Scotch tape prep of perianal area early in the morning
Treatment for Trichuris trichuria
Mebendazole
Treatment for Toxocara sp. infection. Causes Visceral migrans.
Thiabendazole
-patients have granulomatous nodules when larvae settle in the liver, lungs, brain
Treatment for Strongyloides stercoralis
Ivermectin
