Language level 3: Phonetics, phonology and prosodics Flashcards

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1
Q

phonology

A

the area of study that refers to the more abstract sound system

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2
Q

phonetics

A

the area of study that is concerned with investigating how sounds are actually produced by language users.

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3
Q

prosodics

A

the study of how speakers can shape meanings through emphasising certain aspects of intonation, speed and volume

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4
Q

International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)

A

a system for showing the different sounds possible

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5
Q

heterophones

A

words that have the same spelling but very different pronunciation and meanings

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6
Q

homophones

A

words that are pronounced the same but have a different meaning and may have different spellings e.g. there and their

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7
Q

articulators

A

the vocal organs above the larynx, including the lips, teeth, tongue and hard palate that help to form consonant sounds

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8
Q

plosives

A

a consonant group produced by the articulators coming together to stop the airflow and then being released.

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9
Q

fricatives

A

a consonant group produced by the articulators positioned together but a small gap remaining through which the sound comes

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10
Q

affricate

A

a consonant group produced by the articulators coming together, then released but in a way that is similar to the friction sound of a fricative

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11
Q

nasal

A

a consonant group produced by articulators coming together and air being released over the sides of the tongue

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12
Q

approximant

A

a consonant group produced in a similar way to other consonant sounds but without the articulators fully coming together

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13
Q

dipthong

A

a vowel sound that is the combination of two separate sounds, where a speaker moves from one to another

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14
Q

sound iconicity

A

the matching of sound to an aspect of meaning

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15
Q

consonance

A

a pattern of repeated consonant sounds for effect

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16
Q

assonance

A

a pattern of repeated vowel sounds for effect

17
Q

sibilance

A

a pattern of repeated fricative sounds, especially /s/ for effect

18
Q

lexical onomatopoeia

A

words that have some associated meaning between their sound and what they represent

19
Q

non-lexical onomatopoeia

A

‘non-words’ that nonetheless are intended to signify some meaning through their sound

20
Q

phonological manipulation

A

making creating changes in sound patterns to give certain effects

21
Q

minimal pair

A

two words that differ in only one single sound