C1.3 Separating Mixtures

Question 1

What is a mixture?

Answer 1

➢ A mixture is made up of two or more substances that are not chemically combined together

Question 2

What is insoluble?

Answer 2

➢ Substances that are unable to dissolve in a particular solvent

Question 3

What is soluble?

Answer 3

➢ Able to dissolve in water

Question 4

What is a solute?

Answer 4

➢ The dissolved substances in a solution

Question 5

What is a solvent?

Answer 5

➢ The liquid in with the solute dissolves to form a solution

Question 6

When is filtration used?

Answer 6

➢ Used to separate substances that are insoluble in a particular solvent

Question 7

What equipment do you need for filtration?

Answer 7

➢ Funnel
➢ Filter paper
➢ Beaker

Question 8

When is Crystallisation used?

Answer 8

➢ To obtain a sample of pure salt

Question 9

How would you separate NaCl from a salt solution

Answer 9

➢ You would evaporate the water from the NaCl solution

➢ Do this by heating it in an evaporating dish on a water bath

Question 10

When should heating be stopped when crystallizing NaCl?

Answer 10

➢ When the solution is at the point of crystallisation

Question 11

What should you do after there are crystals left in the evaporating basin?

Answer 11

➢ Leave at room temperature to evaporate the remaining water

Question 12

When is distillation used?

Answer 12

➢ To separate different solvents

Question 13

How does simple distillation work?

Answer 13

➢ The solution is heated and boiled to evaporate the solvent
➢ The vapor given off then enters a condenser
➢ Hot vapor is cooled and condensed back into a liquid for collection in a receiving vessel