Edema

Question 1

What is edema?

Answer 1

This is the accumulation of water outside of cells and into the tissues

Question 2

What are 4 non inflammatory causes of edema?

Answer 2

Increased hydrostatic pressure
Reduced plasma osmotic pressure
Lymphatic obstruction
Sodium retention

Question 3

What is hydrostatic pressure?

Answer 3

Hydrostatic pressure is a force generated by the pressure of fluid on the capillary walls either by the blood plasma or interstitial fluid.

Question 4

What are some examples of increased hydrostatic pressure?

Answer 4

Impaired venous return from:
Congestive heart failure
Constrictive pericarditis
Ascites (liver cirrhosis)
Venous obstruction or compression like
Thrombosis
External pressure (e.g., mass)
Lower extremity inactivity with prolonged dependency
And Arteriolar dialation caused by
Heat
Neurohumoral dysregulation

Question 5

How many types of edema are there? Name them.

Answer 5

Subcutaneous edema
Pulmonary edema
Edema of the brain

Question 6

What is pulmonary edema?

Answer 6

This is when there is fluid build up in the lungs and it is usually caused by damage to the left ventricle.

Question 7

What is a hemorrhage?

Answer 7

This is bleeding from a damaged vessel.

Question 8

What is petechiae?

Answer 8

Petechiae are pinpoint, round spots that appear on the skin as a result of bleeding. The bleeding causes the petechiae to appear red, brown or purple. The spots are about 1-2mm

Question 9

What is purpura?

Answer 9

Purpura is purple-colored spots and patches that occur on the skin, and in mucus membranes, including the lining of the mouth. The spots are about 3mm