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Neurology > OP review for CNS > Flashcards

OP review for CNS Flashcards

1
Q

What are the Tendon reflexs that we must know?

A

Bicep, Tricep, Brachioradialis, Patellar, Ankle / Archilies, Jaw Jerk.

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2
Q

What spinal segment is involved in the Bicep DTR?

A

C5, C6.

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3
Q

What Spinal Segment is involved in the Tricep DTR?

A

…

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4
Q

What are Dermatome?

A

Dermatomes are an area of skin that is enervated by a certain pair of spinal nerves.

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5
Q

What area of the body is innervated by C2 as a dermatome?

A

The posterior skull ending at the SO’s then wrapping around anteriorly under the chin.

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6
Q

What area of the skin is supplied by C3 as a Dermatome?

A

The posterior neck - anterior neck ending around the SC joint.

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7
Q

What area of the skin is supplied by C4 as a Dermatome?

A

Posterior neck around the C7 spinal segment - to the shoulder by the Mid delt & some AC Joint.

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8
Q

What area of the skin is supplied by C5 as a Dermatome?

A

The lateral Half of the tricep - to the Lateral Bicep.

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9
Q

What area of the skin is supplied by C6 as a dermatome?

A

Starting at the elbow on the lateral half of the anterior and posterior forearm ranging to the thumb and pointer finger.

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10
Q

What area of the skin is supplied by C7 as a Dermatome?

A

on the posterior forearm in the middle ranging to the middle finger.

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11
Q

What area of the skin is supplied by C8 as a dermatome?

A

The medial part of the Forearm spanning to the ring and pinky finger.

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12
Q

What area of the skin is supplied by T4 as a Dermatome?

A

Starting around the inferior portion of the Scapula and ending around the Nips - and inferior portion of the Sternum.

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13
Q

What area of the skin is supplied by T1 as a dermatome?

A

Just under the collar bone spanning anteriorly down the medial half of the forearm.

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14
Q

What area of the skin does T2 supply as a dermatome?

A

Starting posteriorly around the superior portion of the Scapula - Spanning around anteriorly to the medial half of the bicep and the second rib level of the chest.

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15
Q

what area of the skin is supplied by T9 as a Dermatome?

A

Starting posteriorly around the level of the Elbow - Spanning anteriorly to the Belly button.

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16
Q

What area of the Skin is supplied by L1 as a Dermatome?

A

Posteriorly around the Superior portion of the PSIS - Spanning anteriorly to the pubic crest.

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17
Q

What area of the skin is supplied by L2 as a dermatome?

A

Starting on the posterior hip and spans all the way down the very lateral portion of the leg and a big part of the Anterior thigh just under the pubic crest and just above the Vastus lateralis.

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18
Q

What area of the skin is supplied by L3 as a dermatome?

A

Starting on the posterior thigh at the insertion of the medial hamstring - spanning anteriorly the the Vastus lateralis and just inferior to the patella.

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19
Q

What area of the skin is supplied by L5 as a dermatome?

A

The lateral / anterior leg - moving medial to the medial part of the foot.

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20
Q

What area of the skin is supplied by L4 as a Dermatome?

A

Starting in the medial portion of the leg spanning down to the heel.

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21
Q

What area of the skin is supplied by S2 as a dermatome?

A

starting just under the PSIS - spanning all the way down the medial part of the thigh and legs to right above the heel.

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22
Q

What area of the Skin is supplied by S1 as a dermatome?

A

Starting on the lateral part of the dorsal part of the foot and the lateral toe spanning to the entire bottom of the foot.

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23
Q

What is a Myotome?

A

This is a certain group of mm’s supplied by a single spinal nerve.

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24
Q

Why do we test Myatomes?

A

When testing we look for mm weakness of a particular group of mm’s.

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25
Q

What is the action for C1/C2?

A

Neck flexion and Extension.

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26
Q

What is the Action for C3?

A

Lateral Neck flexion.

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27
Q

What is the Action for C4?

A

Shoulder Elevation.

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28
Q

What is the action for C5?

A

Elbow Flexion.

29
Q

What is the action for C6?

A

Wrist flexion.

30
Q

What is the Action for C7?

A

Elbow Extension, Wrist flexion & Finger Extension.

31
Q

What is the Action for C8?

A

Finger flexion.

32
Q

What is the Action for T1?

A

Finger Abduction.

33
Q

What is the Action for L2?

A

Hip Flexion.

34
Q

What is the Action for L3?

A

Knee Extension.

35
Q

What is the Action for L4?

A

Doris Flexion.

36
Q

What is the Action for L5?

A

Great toe extension.

37
Q

What is the Action for S1?

A

Planter flexion, Ankle eversion, Hip extension.

38
Q

What is the action for S2?

A

Knee flexion.

39
Q

What are the Special test to know for the CNS OP?

A

Spurlings, Cervical Compression, Costoclavicular Comprsseion, Edens, Travells, Wrights Hyperabduction, Adsons, ULTT 1-4, Bragards, Kemps, Kernigs, Slump, Fromonts.

40
Q

What is the nerve spinal segment that is associated with Distal bicep?

A

C5.

41
Q

What is the nerve spinal segment that is associated with Brachioradialis?

A

C6.

42
Q

What is the nerve spinal segment that is associated with the Distal Tricep?

A

C7-C8.

43
Q

What is the nerve spinal segment that is associated with the Patellar tendon?

A

L3-L4.

44
Q

What is the nerve spinal segment that is associated with the Tibialis Posterior?

A

L4-L5.

45
Q

What is the nerve spinal segment that is associated with Semimembranosis?

A

L5-S1.

46
Q

What is the nerve spinal segment that is associated with Acvhilies?

A

S1-S2.

47
Q

What is the Costoclavicular Compression test used for?

A

This test for TOS caused by compression of the neuromuscular bundle between the Clavicle and the First Rib.

48
Q

How would you perform the Costoclavicular Syndrome / Compression test?

A

You do this by finding the Radial pulse of the client and then Passively depressing and retracting the clients arm.

49
Q

What does the Eden’s special test look for in a client?

A

This is assessing if the clients TOS is caused by Compression of the neuromuscular bundle by the first Rib and Clavicle.

50
Q

How would you perform a Eden’s test?

A

Find the clients radial pulse, Get them to Actively depress and retract their shoulder.

51
Q

What does Travells test for?

A

Test for TOS in a client caused by Compression of the neurovascular bundle by the Middle scalene.

52
Q

How would you perform a Travells test?

A

This would be performed the same as Adson’s but the client turns their head to the other / unaffected side.

53
Q

What does Adson’s test for?

A

This test the client for TOS caused by Anterior scalene mm on the middle scalene.

54
Q

How would you perform Adson’s test?

A

Find the clients radial pulse, slightly extend and Ext rot the arm, get the client to turn their head to the affected side and slightly elevate their head.
Take a deep breath and hold it.

55
Q

How would you perform ULTT-1?

A

Abd humerus to 110* & Extend arm to 10.
Externally rot arm to 60.
Slowly extend clients wrist and fingers & fully supinate forearm.

56
Q

What is a positive result for any of the ULTT’s?

A

When you get reproduction of symptoms or pain in shoulder / Arm.

57
Q

How do you perform the ULTT-2?

A

Client supine, Abd humerus to 10*.

Fully supinate Forearm & Extend Elbow.

58
Q

How do you perform the ULTT-3?

A

Depress the clients shoulder & Abd arm to 10*.
Slowly flex wrist & fingers.
Pronate arm & Extend Elbow.

59
Q

What does Kemps test assess for?

A

Assess for nn root compression and or Facet joint irritation of the lumbar spine.

60
Q

How would you perform Kemps test?

A

Client standing, get them to Extend, side bend and rotate to the affected side.

61
Q

What is a positive test for Kemps?

A

If the client presents with pain or neurological symptoms in affected leg.
If the pain is local to the back it is positive for Facte joint irritation.

62
Q

What is a positive test for Kemps?

A

If the client presents with pain or neurological symptoms in affected leg.
If the pain is local to the back it is positive for Facte joint irritation.

63
Q

What is a positive result for Kernig’s?

A

Radiating pain or neurological signs or pain along the spine.

64
Q

How would you perform Kernig’s?

A

Client supine on table with hands cupped behind their head.
They flex head towards chest.
next instruct client to flex hip with knee in extension.

65
Q

How would you perform Kernig’s?

A

Client supine on table with hands cupped behind their head.
They flex head towards chest.
next instruct client to flex hip with knee in extension.

66
Q

How would you perform Slumps?

A

Client seated, Instruct client to slump the thoracic spine / flex.
if not symptoms reported then extend one knee and then another.

67
Q

What is a positive result for Slumps test?

A

Pain along the Spine and sometimes in referral to a limb.

68
Q

What is a positive result for Bragard’s?

A

Pain in the posterior knee or thigh / leg may indicate hamstring tightness.

Pain down the leg on forced dorsiflexion may indicate Sciatic nerve involvement.

69
Q

How would you perform Bragard’s?

A

Client supine, put the clients leg into Add and internal rot.
Bring leg straight in flexion of the Hip.
Flex hip until client reports pain.
Slowly lower leg until client reports no pain.
Then dorsiflex ankle stretching sciatic nerve.

Neurology (10 decks)

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