2.3. The Elbow Joint

Question 1

What does the Elbow Joint connect?

Answer 1

1. The Arm

2. The Forearm

Question 2

What marks the Elbow Joint in the Upper Limb?

Answer 2

1. Medial Epicondyle of the Humerus
2. Lateral Epicondyle of the Humerus
3. Olecranon Process of the Ulna

Question 3

What type of Joint is the Elbow Joint?

Answer 3

Synovial Hinge

Question 4

How many Separate Articulations are there in the Elbow Joint?

Answer 4

2

Question 5

What are the Separate Articulations in the Elbow Joint?

Answer 5

1. Trochlear Notch of the Ulnar and Trochlea of the Humerus

2. Head of the Radius and Capitulum of the Humerus

Question 6

What other Joint is found in the same Bursae as the Elbow Joint?

Answer 6

The Radioulnar Joint

Note - although this is in the same area, it is considered an entirely separate articulation

Question 7

What are Synovial Joints surrounded by?

Answer 7

A Fibrous Capsule, Enclosing the Joint

Question 8

What is the Benefit of the Fibrous Capsule?

Answer 8

It Strengthens the Joint

Question 9

1. How is the Elbow Joint Capsule described on the Anterior and Posterior Surfaces?
2. What is the function of this?

Answer 9

1. Loose

2. It allows for Movement

Question 10

What is a Bursae?

Answer 10

A Membranous Sac filled with Synovial Fluid

Question 11

What is the function of the Bursae?

Answer 11

It cushions the Moving Parts of a Joints, Preventing Degenerative Damage.

Question 12

How many Clinically Important Bursae are there in the Elbow?

Answer 12

3

Question 13

What are the Clinically Important Bursae in the Elbow?

Answer 13

1. Intratendinous
2. Subtendinous
3. Subcutaneous

Question 14

Where is the Intratendinous Bursa of the Elbow Joint located?

Answer 14

Within the Tendon of the Triceps Brachii

Question 15

Where is the Subtendinous Bursa of the Elbow Joint located?

Answer 15

Between the:

1. Olecranon
2. Tendon of the Triceps Brachii

Question 16

Where is the Subcutaneous Bursa of the Elbow Joint located?

Answer 16

Between the:

1. Olecranon
2. Overlying Connective Tissue

Question 17

What forms the Medial (Ulnar) Collateral Ligament of the Elbow?

Answer 17

A Thickening of the Medial Fibrous Joint Capsule

Question 18

Where does the Medial (Ulnar) Collateral Ligament:

1. Originate from?
2. Attach to?

Answer 18

1. Medial Epicondyle
2. a) Coronoid Process of the Ulna
3. b) Olecranon of the Ulna

Question 19

What forms the Lateral (Radial) Collateral Ligament of the Elbow?

Answer 19

A Thickening of the Lateral Fibrous Joint Capsule

Question 20

Where does the Lateral (Radial) Collateral Ligament:

1. Originate from?
2. Bend with?

Answer 20

1. Lateral Epicondyle

2. Annular Ligament of the Radius

Question 21

What is the function of the Collateral Ligaments?

Answer 21

Stabilizing the Flexion and Extension Movement of the Elbow

Question 22

Which Ligament holds the Head of the Radius?

Answer 22

Annular Ligament

Note - For more information on the Annular Ligament look up “2.5. The Radio-Ulnar Joint”

Question 23

What is the Arterial Supply to the Elbow Joint?

Answer 23

Cubital Anastomosis

Question 24

What is the Cubital Anastomosis formed of?

Answer 24

Recurrent and Collateral Branches from the Brachial and Deep Brachial Arteries

Question 25

What is the Nerve Supply to the Elbow Joint?

Answer 25

Anteriorly:
1. Median Nerve
2. Radial Nerve
3. Musculocutaneous Nerve
Posteriorly:
1. Ulnar Nerve

Question 26

What movement occurs at the Elbow Joint?

Answer 26

1. Flexion

2. Extension

Question 27

What muscles cause Flexion at the Elbow Joint?

Answer 27

Brachioradialis + Muscles of the Anterior Compartment of the Arm:

1. Biceps Brachii
2. Brachialis
3. Coracobrachialis

Question 28

What muscles cause Extension at the Elbow Joint?

Answer 28

Muscles of the Posterior Compartment of the Arm:

1. Triceps Brachii
2. Anconeus

Question 29

Do Pronation and Supination occur at the Elbow Joint?

Answer 29

No, they are produced at the nearby Radio-Ulnar Joint