Neurovascular Anatomy, Cerebral Aneurysms and Basic Stroke Syndromes Flashcards
What are the main blood vessels in the brain?
The right and left internal carotid arteries
The right and left vertebral arteries
The basilar artery
The right and left anterior cerebral arteries
The right and left middle cerebral arteries
The right and left posterior cerebral arteries
the anterior communicating artery
The right and left posterior communicating arteries
What blood vessel is the cause of extradural haemorrhages?
Middle meningeal artery
What blood vessel is responsible for subdural haemorrhage?
Caused by venous bleeding - bridging veins travel from the brain to the venous sinus through the dura - it is these bridging veins that tear during sub dural haemorrhage
What arteries are responsible for subarachnoid haemorrhages?
Arteries located in the circle of willis and its branches
Where do most intracranial aneurysms happen?
Most arise from the branch points of the circle of willis
How is the diagnosis of subarachnoid haemorrhage made?
History and examination
Unenhanced CT
Exclusion by absence of blood products in CSF
What is the treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysm?
Endovascular coil embolisation
Surgical clipping
Treating complications such as hydrocephalus, vasospastic infarcts and disability
Hydrocephalus: a condition in which fluid accumulates in the brain, typically in young children, enlarging the head and sometimes causing brain damage.
What do the right and left middle cerebral arteries supply?
Right: Left body strength and left body sensation
Left: Right body strength and right body sensation AND LANGUAGE
What does the right posterior cerebral artery and left posterior cerebral artery supply?
Right - perception of the left visual field
Left - perception of the right visual field
What supplies the cerebellum?
Posterior inferior, anterior inferior and superior cerebellar arteries
What is the result of cerebellar strokes?
Cause ataxia and or nystagmus - other causes of an acute cerebellar syndrome such as alcohol intoxication
