Temperament and Personality Flashcards
what is temperament?
biologically based tendencies that shape how a person reacts to different situations.
Which theorists and date came up with temperamental dimensions?
Chess and Thomas, 1996
Name some temperamental dimensions
activity level, rhythmicity, approach/withdrawal, adaptability, intensity, threshold, and mood
Do we have control over our temperament?
No
Chess and Thomas said children can be classified into 3 different types of temperament. What are they and the percentage of each?
Easy 40%
Difficult 10%
Slow to warm 15%
the other 35% were harder to categorise as they didn’t fit into a category easily
What is an easy child according to chess and Thomas 1996?
a positive approach to new stimuli, high adaptability. quickly develop sleep and feeding schedules.
What is a difficult child according to chess and Thomas 1996?
negative withdrawal responses to new stimuli, slow adaptability to change, intense mood expressions, irregular food and sleep schedules
What’s a slow to warm child according to chess and Thomas 1996?
negative mild responses can be seen at the beginning to new stimuli when given the opportunity to experience the situation over time and without pressure the child will show quiet and positive interest
Chess and Thomas’s original names for the temperaments have been changed to what?
calm, excitable and cautious
How do Lindon and Brodie, 2016 define personality?
personality is formed from a person’s experiences, environment, and temperament.
Personality: what is the dispositional approach?
once formed is invariable and consistent
Personality: What is the situational approach?
individuals react differently in different contexts and therefore the situation they’re in at one time will determine their personality at that moment.
The Hippocrates/Galen theory for personality dates back 2000 years ago. what order does the image go in?
M, C, P, S
