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Biology 1013 > bio exam, guest lectures > Flashcards

bio exam, guest lectures Flashcards

1
Q

in Keptin Purdys discussion of traditional indigenous knowledge , we learned about Chaga. What was not described as one of the medicinal benefits of this fungus

A

highly effect laxative

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2
Q

what are invasive species according to Mathew smith

A

that has been introduced to an environment where it is non-native, or alien, and whose introduction causes environmental or economic damage or harm to human health.” -

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3
Q

what are the four invasive species that Mathew smith mentioned

A
  • European green crab
  • chain pickeral
  • Hemlock wooly adeligid
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4
Q

dr smith described invasive species as

A

Non- native species which have economic, medical or environmental impacts

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5
Q

In Ms Ceasers lecture what does the broadleaf plantain do

A

prefers growing in open sun

is useful for trading insect bites

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6
Q

what is the use of Ash trees by Kept Jeff Purdy

A

pack baskets

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7
Q

what are some examples of novel ecosystems (Mathew Smith)

A
  • old field succession

- forest and aquatic ecosystem decline

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8
Q

in Dr smiths presentation on conservation in National parks, the national parks act of 1930;

A

transitioned parks to being developed as a place of preservation

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9
Q

how do the fish tags work

A

the tags take light, depth and temperature

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10
Q

What are spring tides

A

largest tides

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11
Q

what are neat tides

A

happens when the moon is perpendicular to the sun

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12
Q

what percent of the minus basin would an instream turbine occupy

A

A single 16 m diameter turbine in the FORCE site would occupy 0.06% of the Minas Passage X-sectional area

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13
Q

what does a hypo-osmotic fish

A

loses water by osmosis, which it compensates for by drinking water and producing small quantities of urine

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14
Q

what is an ecosystem

A

the biotic assemblage of organisms that live in an area, as well as the abiotic environment affecting that assemblage

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15
Q

what is a biosphere

A

the regions of the earth and atmosphere where living organisms exist

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16
Q

what is a population

A

a group of members of the same species that occupy the same environment and have the potential to interbreed

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17
Q

what is a community

A

an assemblage of different species that live in the same place at the same time

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18
Q

what is a biome

A

a biome is a large community of vegetation and wildlife adapted to a specific climate. Characterized by physical characteristics such as temperature and precipitation

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19
Q

what is a biosphere

A

the region on the surface of the earth and atmosphere where living organism exist

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20
Q

what is biodiversity

A

the variety of life in the world or in a particular habit or ecosystem

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21
Q

how does energy flow communities

A 
water
carbon
nitrogen
phosphorous
ultimately lost from an ecosystem as heat
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22
Q

what is an aquifer

A

porous underground deposit that holds water bounded below by impervious layer

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23
Q

what are the three phases of stress

A

alarm, resistance, exhaustion

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24
Q

in resistance phase what hormones are released

A

Cortisol, epinephrine, growth hormone and thyroid hormones

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25
Q

what happens in the exhaustion phase of being stressed

A

insomnia, fatigue, loss of appetite, chronic long term stress

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26
Q

what happened in the alarm phase of stress

A

immediate reaction to a stressor

magnitude of response is related to magnitude of stressor

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27
Q

A single oak tree can support hundreds of beetles, caterpillars and other primary consumers. This would be best presented by

A

an inverted pyramid of numbers

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28
Q

in succession, the ability of one species to make the area more suitable for another species is called

A

facilitation

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29
Q

in the island biography model, species richness is a balanced between

A

immigration and extinction

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30
Q

top down factors that can control the population sizes of plants or animals include which of the following

A

the density of herbivores

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31
Q

what is general global pattern of species richness

A

increasing from polar areas toward the tropics

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32
Q

organisms compete indirectly through the consumption of a limited resource

A

exploitation competition

33
Q

individuals interact directly with one another by physical force or intimidation

A

interference competition

34
Q

differentiation of niches, both in space and time, that enables similar species to coexist

A

resource partitioning

35
Q

whatever species gets to an environment first determines subsequent community structure

A

inhibition

36
Q

an oak tree weighs more than herbivores and predators combined in the food chain

A

pyramid of biomass

37
Q

what is primary productivity limited mainly by

A

light and nutrient availability

38
Q

where is primary productivity highest

A

tropical rainforest and coral reefs where temperature and light are high

39
Q

what are some of the effects of temperature on coral reefs

A

skeleton is temperature dependant. If water temperatures are too high, the symbiotic algae that live within the corals die

40
Q

are there cold water corals

A

yes in Nova Scotia

41
Q

what are the effects of salinity in an ecosystem

A

effects water density, thermal capacity, availability of nutrients

42
Q

what type of fish is freshwater

A

hyperosmotic; more salts in the tissue, gain water by osmosis

43
Q

what type of fish are saltwater

A

hypo-osmosis; less salt in the tissue, loses water by osmosis

44
Q

species that tolerate higher salt concentrations in their cells than regular plants

A

halophytes

45
Q

which piece of plastic-resists longest in the environment

A

fishing line

46
Q

what type of micro plastics disrupt tissue structure

A

petroleum based and biodegradable

47
Q

how are terrestrial biomes classified

A

by annual precipitation and temperature

48
Q

how are aquatic biomes classified

A

classified by water salinity, current strength, water depth, oxygen content, light availability

49
Q

what is different between the upper and lower hemisphere

A

The lower hemisphere has more land

50
Q

when a piece of land is constantly thawing and freezing in the arctic, what features are shown

A

periglacier

51
Q

where in the arctic is there little vegetation

A

arctic cordillera

52
Q

why is the arctic desert considered as a desert

A

very little precipitation. no soil, not much to sustain

53
Q

why are arctic plains important

A

supports artic meadows, great density herbivores

54
Q

what is a sympatic environment

A

where water is mosty solid, creates and entires food web or biotic community

55
Q

what is a subnivean

A

sea ice habitat for seals, resting and hunting platform

56
Q

how are killer Wales entering the Hudson Bay

A

climate change is melting the ice and causing access for killer Wales to enter

57
Q

what is biodiversity

A

the variety of life forms that exist now and existed in the past

58
Q

what is the “carrying capacity”

A

the maximum population size that can be sustained by an environment

59
Q

how are exotherms important when understanding climate change

A

exotherms rely on the environments temperature. As the temperatures increase because of climate change, the population is affected

60
Q

how many species of fish can actually live outside of water

A

over 400 species

61
Q

how do these fish breathe outside of the water

A

through pore respiration

62
Q

why are Ethiopias sacred forests important

A

raise water tables, reduce desertification, lower temperatures because of the shade the trees give, block winds

63
Q

what is the chytrid disease usually found in salamanders. What is is caused by

A

an infectious disease caused by a fungus

64
Q

what do acoustic tags do

A

emit an acoustic signal that is detected by receivers when the fish are in range, providing information on when fish pass certain points in the ecosystem

65
Q

warm environments with large amounts of rainfalls; trees and other plants show high diversity are classified as

A

tropical rainforests

66
Q

low levels of rainfall and moderate temperatures; trees are generally absent. this environment is classified as

A

temperate grasslands

67
Q

arid treeless and cold environment; plants are low and scrubby, and the soil may be frozen year round.

A

tundra

68
Q

in coral bleaching, warm water corals lose what? how does that affect the coral

A

algal symbionts, affects the skeletal growth

69
Q

what is the resident time for a water to cycle the atmosphere

A

days

70
Q

what is the resident time for a water to cycle through soil

A

weeks to a year

71
Q

what is the resident time for a water to cycle through lakes

A

10s of years

72
Q

what is the resident time for a water to cycle through oceans and glacier

A

1000a of years

73
Q

cold water corals in Nova Scotia are considered a foundation species because

A

they provide essential habitat for many other species

74
Q

the arctic cordillera is an ecosystem characterized by

A

mountains, steep coastal cliffs, glaciers and sea birds

75
Q

solar panels near the equator are more efficient at producing green energy than solar panels in temperate location because

A

at the equator, solar energy enters the atmosphere at a steep angle and therefore is more concentrated per unit area

76
Q

carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas of major concern because

A

it is found in high concentration in the atmosphere relative to other greenhouse gases, and therefore it has a major effect on climate change

77
Q

a community or organisms and its physical environment

A

ecosystem

78
Q

the regions on the surface of the earth and the atmosphere where living organisms exist

A

biosphere

79
Q

major types of habitat characterized by distinctive plant and animal life, shaped by large scale climatic processes

A

biomes

Biology 1013 (9 decks)

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