Science Unit 4 Quiz

Question 1

List the pathway blood goes starting from the Pulmonary Artery. (Aorta, Pulmonary Veins, Pulmonary Arteries, Left Ventricle, vena cavas, arteries, veins, right atrium, lungs, arteriole, capillaries, arteries, left atrium, right ventricle)

Answer 1

Lungs, pulmonary veins, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta, arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins, vena cavas, right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary arteries.

Question 2

Are there valves in the arteries?

Answer 2

No

Question 3

Are there valves in veins?

Answer 3

Yes

Question 4

Are there valves in capillaries?

Answer 4

No

Question 5

Substances diffuse across the vessel walls in the…

Answer 5

capillaries

Question 6

What is the trachea?

Answer 6

A windpipe which air moves though (in the neck)

Question 7

What is the larynx?

Answer 7

in the throat and contains the vocal cords

Question 8

What is the bronchi and bronchioles?

Answer 8

a passageway from Trachea to lungs / smaller bronchi that reach to the alveoli

Question 9

What is the diaphragm?

Answer 9

a flat muscle that pumps the air

Question 10

What is the importance of the cilia and mucus?

Answer 10

keep the lungs clean by filtering and moistening the air

Question 11

How do the circulatory system and respiratory system work together?

Answer 11

Respiratory system brings the oxygen to the lungs where it’s transferred to the blood for the circulatory system to transport them to the body parts.

Question 12

main purpose of respiratory system?

Answer 12

exchange oxygen and CO2 between the blood, air, and tissues

Question 13

mention: tendon - muscles to bones (movement)

Answer 13

mention: ligament - bone to bone (structural)

Question 14

Digestive system list: (small intestine, stomach, mouth, esophagus, large intestine)

Answer 14

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine.

Question 15

Mouth? Mechanical? Chemical?

Answer 15

Mechanical: Chewing
Chemical: Saliva to moisten food into bolus (ball)

Question 16

Esophagus?

Answer 16

moves bolus to stomach and passes the cardiac sphincter

Question 17

Stomach?

Answer 17

lined with mucus, food is charned for hours with chyme, very acidic (pepsin: break them proteins out)

Question 18

Pancreas?

Answer 18

makes sodium bicarbonate to neatualize the stomach acids, uses amylase carb. breakdown, trypsin proteins, and lipase for fats (food doesn’t enter the pancreas, it just helps with the digestion in the small intestine)

Question 19

Liver?

Answer 19

produces bile to break down fats and uses the gallbladder to store the bile (food doesn’t enter the liver, it just helps with the digestion in the small intestine) (fun fact: a person could live without the gallbladder)

Question 20

Duodenum?

Answer 20

first part of small intestine, continues with breakdown with enzymes and secretions entering from the liver and pancreas

Question 21

Small Intestine?

Answer 21

Most nutrient absorption and chemical digestion (Microvilli – small projections that increase the surface area)

Question 22

Large Intestine?

Answer 22

tons of bacteria, most water and mineral absorption, solids stored in rectum

Question 23

Skeletal System purpose?

Answer 23

Support the body, creates blood in the marrow, stores minerals, aids in movement (206 bones for an adult)

Question 24

Blood Tissue:

Answer 24

network of living cells, protein fibers, and calcium deposits throughout the body

Question 25

Joints?

Answer 25

where two bones meet and can be moveable

Question 26

Alveoli?

Answer 26

a tiny air sac at the end of a bronchiole in the lungs that provide surface area for gas exchange to occur