Chapter 1

Question 1

Statistics

Answer 1

The science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing, and interpreting data to assist in making effective decisions.

Question 2

Descriptive Statistics

Answer 2

Methods of organizing, summarizing, and presenting data in an informative way.

Question 3

Inferential Statistics

Answer 3

The methods used to estimate a property of a population on the basis of a sample.

Question 4

Inferential Statics is also called

Answer 4

Statistical inference

Question 5

Population

Answer 5

The entire set of individuals or objects of interest or the measurements obtained from all individuals or objects of interest.

Question 6

Sample

Answer 6

A portion, or part of the population of interest.

Question 7

When the characteristic being studied is nonnumeric, it is called a ___________ variable

Answer 7

Qualitative

(or an attribute)

Question 8

When the variable studied can be reported numerically, the variable is called a __________ variable

Answer 8

quantitative

Question 9

Quantitative variables are either ________ or ___________.

Answer 9

discrete or continuous.

Question 10

This type of variable can only assume certain values and there are “gaps” between the values.

Answer 10

Discrete Variables

Question 11

This type of variable can assume any value within a specific range.

Answer 11

Continuous variables

Question 12

What are the 4 levels of measurement in order of lowest to highest?

Answer 12

Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, Ratio

Question 13

Which level of measurement only consists of “counts”?

Answer 13

Nominal-Level Data

Question 14

What are Nominal-level data’s two properties?

Answer 14

1. The variable of interest is divided into categories or outcomes.
2. There is no natural order to the outcomes.

Question 15

Which level of measurement has ordered levels but the difference between levels is not necessarily the same?

Answer 15

Ordinal-Level Data

Question 16

What are Ordinal-level data’s two properties?

Answer 16

1. Data classificactions are represented by sets of labels or names (high, medium, low) that have relative values.
2. Because of the relative values, the data classified can be ranked or ordered.

Question 17

What are Interval-level data’s two properties?

Answer 17

1. Data classifications are ordered according to the amount of the charasteric they posess.
2. Equal differences in the characteristic are represented by equal differences in the measurements.

Question 18

Which level of measurement has all the characteristics of Ordinal-Level data, but, in addition, the difference between values is a constant size?

Answer 18

Interval-Level Data

Question 19

If the distances between the numbers make sense, but the ratios do not, then you have an _______-level scale of measurement

Answer 19

Interval

Question 20

What are Ratio-Level’s three properties?

Answer 20

1. Data classifications are ordered according to the amount of the characteristics they posess.
2. Equal differences in the characteristic are represented by equal differences in the numbers assigned to the classifications.
3. The zero point is the absense of the characteristic and the ratio between two numbers is meaningful.

Question 21

Examples of ______-level scale of measurement are weight, prices, distance, and height.

Answer 21

Ratio

Question 22

Examples of ______-level scale of measurement are temperature and dress size.

Answer 22

Interval

Question 23

Examples of ______-level scale of measurement are your rank in class, and sports team standings in a leauge.

Answer 23

Ordinal

Question 24

Examples of ______-level scale of measurement are Jersey numbers and Car Makes and Models

Answer 24

Nominal