Evolution by Natural Selection Flashcards

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1
Q

What are endemic species?

A

Species that are not found anywhere else.

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2
Q

How many different species of the finches were discovered?

A

14 species

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3
Q

What are niches?

A

Position of role taken by an organism within its community.

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4
Q

What is speciation?

A

long-term isolation

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5
Q

Why are some animals similar to each other when they are found in such different places?

A

Continental drift or pangaea

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6
Q

What are the two main ideas in the book On the Origin of Species?

A

Decent with modification and natural selection

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7
Q

What is decent with modification also known as?

A

Evolution

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8
Q

What is natural selection?

A

Environment or nature selects for which traits are advantageous

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9
Q

What are required in natural selection?

A

Traits must have variation and variation must be heritable.

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10
Q

True or False. Natural selection is a random process.

A

False.

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11
Q

Who was Darwin’s competition?

A

Alfred Russel Wallace

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12
Q

What is an ancestral organism shared by two or more descendant organisms?

A

Common ancestor

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13
Q

What is the evidence of shared ancestry in molecular biology?

A

All organisms have DNA/RNA with amino acid structure

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14
Q

What are the 5 useless body parts?

A

tailbone, wisdom tooth, muscles in the ear, erector pili and appendix.

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15
Q

What is the difference between homologous and analogous traits?

A

Homologous - same structure but not necessarily the same function; analogous - different structures but same function

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16
Q

What is one evidence that species have evolved?

A

Fossil record and biogeography

17
Q

What are superbugs?

A

bacteria that are resistant to multiple drugs

18
Q

True or False. An individual can evolve in their lifetime.

A

False. A population does.