四六级 Flashcards
Contempt
/kənˈtempt/
n.
1. 轻视，蔑视, 鄙视；
2. 藐视，毫不畏惧（困难或危险）
3. 藐视法庭
She looked at him with contempt.
她轻蔑地看着他。
His contempt for his fellow students was quite obvious.
他对同学的鄙视之情非常明显。
They’d always held that family in contempt.
他们一直鄙视那家人。
Contempt for danger 毫不畏惧危险
He was found in contempt of the order.
他被裁定为藐视法庭命令
discern
/dɪˈsɜːrn/
vt.
[正式] （仔细地看过或想过之后才）察觉出；弄清楚；辨明
It was difficult to discern which of them was telling the truth.
很难弄清楚他们之中谁说的是实话。
You need a long series of data to be able to discern such a trend.
你需要一大串数据才能认清这一趋势。
We could just discern the house in the distance.
我们只能勉强分辨出远处的房子。
flutter
/ˈflʌtər/
vi&vt.
- (鸟或昆虫）振（翼），拍打翅膀；
- （在空中）飘扬，飘动；
- （因激动或紧张）使（心脏）怦怦跳，（胃）颤抖，悸动
n.
1. 不安，困惑，激动；
2. 拍动，飘动；
3. （机器的）颤动，抖动；
4. （心脏）不规则的跳动，振颤，悸动
Butterflies fluttering from flower to flower
在花丛中飞舞的蝴蝶
Dead leaves fluttered slowly to the ground.
枯叶慢慢飘落到地上
Her heart gave a flutter when she saw him.
她见到他时心怦怦乱跳。
Her sudden arrival caused quite a flutter.
她的突然来到引起一片慌乱（引起不小的轰动）。
foil
/fɔɪl/
n.
1. (包裹食物用的）箔，金属薄片；锡纸，铝箔纸 ；
2. 衬托出…；作为…的陪衬
3. （击剑中的）花剑，轻剑
v. 挫败，阻止
Wrap the meat in foil before you cook it.
把肉用锡箔裹起来后再烹调。
Cigarettes are wrapped in foil to keep them fresh.
香烟用锡箔纸包装以保持新鲜。
His quiet determination is a perfect foil to Eva’s energetic enthusiasm.
（be a foil to )
他那种不露声色的决心正好衬托出伊娃的积极热情。
A massive arms-smuggling plan has been foiled by the CIA.
一项大规模的武器走私计划被中情局挫败了。
detain
/dɪˈteɪn/
vt.
- 拘留，扣押，羁押
- （通过与对方谈话或让其做某事等）耽搁，留住，阻留
Police detained the terrorists.
警察拘留了恐怖分子。
I want a quick word, but I won’t detain you long.
我想和你说句话，不会耽搁你很久。
contend
/kənˈtend/
vt.
1. 声称，断言，主张，硬说
（指口头上进行有对立情绪或严重分歧的争论）
- (with) 必须处理（应付）某事， 不得不应付某事
vi. 竞争，争夺
Some astronomers contend that the universe may be younger than previously believed.
有些天文学家声称宇宙可能比原先认为的要年轻。
Nurses often have to contend with violent or drunken patients.
护士经常不得不对付粗暴的或喝醉酒的病人。
He had to contend with a lot of shouting and jeering from the audience.
他不得不应付观众发出的大喊大叫和嘲笑声。
Contending for the World Heavyweight Title.
争夺世界重量级冠军
implication
/ˌɪmplɪˈkeɪʃn/
n.
1. [C] (计划、行为或事件需要考虑或讨论的）可能的影响；可能的后果, [+of]
- [C,U] 意味着；暗示，[+that]
- [U] 牵涉（错误或罪行），卷入, [+of]
- (特定的情况、行动等）显示（表明）的内容 ， [+in]
What are the implications of these proposals?
这些提议会有什么后果？
This could have serious implications for the company’s future.
这对公司的未来可能会产生严重影响。(have implications for)
I resent the implication that I would have lied to you.
有人暗示我本应对你说谎，对此我感到很生气。
The law bans organized protests and, by implication, any form of opposition.
这条法律禁止有组织的抗议，言外之意是不许进行任何形式的反对。（by implication)
The implication of the former Chief of Staff in a major scandal.
前任参谋长卷入一宗重大的丑闻。
The implication in this case is that he’s innocent.
这种情况表明他是清白无辜的。
infer
/ɪnˈfɜːr/
vt. (根据其他已知资料) 推断,推定
Facts that can be inferred from archaeological data.
可根据考古资料推断的事实。 (infer sth from)
It would be wrong to infer that people who are overweight are just greddy.
根据身体肥胖就判定别人贪吃是错误的。（infer that)
archaeological
/ˌɑːrkiəˈlɑːdʒɪkl/
adj. [古] 考古学的
grind
/ɡraɪnd/
vt.
1. 把（玉米、咖啡豆等）碾碎，把…磨成粉； 用机器将（食物，尤指生肉）绞碎
- 磨光、磨利
- 用力旋转地挤压
- （车辆）慢慢停下来； （国家、组织或进程）逐渐停顿，慢慢瘫痪 [grind to a halt]
n.
1. 令人疲劳（厌倦）的苦事
- [美，非正式]埋头学习的学生，死读书的学生
a stone for grinding knives and scissors
磨刀剪的石头
He dropped a cigar butt and ground it into the carpet with his heel.
他扔下雪茄烟头，用脚后跟把它踩进地毯里。(grind sth into/in …)
Traffic ground to a halt as it approached the accident site.
车辆在靠近事故现场时慢慢停了下来。
As more and more workers joined the strike, Britain’s economy was grinding to a halt.
由于越来越多的工人参加罢工，英国的经济逐渐趋于停滞。
I find the journey to work a real grind .
我发现每天去上班的这一段行程真是辛苦。
deduce
/dɪˈduːs/
vt. [正式] 推断，推理，演绎
I deduced that she was married by the ring on her finger.
我从她手指上戴的戒指推断出她已结婚。（deduce that)
What did Darwin deduce from the presence of these species?
达尔文从这些物种的存在推断出了什么？[+from]
leap
/liːp/
vi,
1. 跳，跳跃；敏捷地跳动；迅速地反应
- 迅速大幅增加
vt. 跳过，越过（某物）
n.
1. 跳跃，飞跃
2. （数量的）激增
3. 思维的跳跃
Jen leapt across the stream. 詹跳过了小溪
Brenda leaped the gate and ran across the field.
布伦达越过大门，跑过田野。
I leapt up the stairs three at a time.
我一步三级地跃上楼梯。
The price of gas leapt 15%overnight.
煤气价格一夜之间就上涨了15%
Bill cleared the ditch with a single leap.
比尔一跃就跳过了水沟。
Andrew’s German is improving by leaps and bounds.
安德鲁的德语提高得很快。[by leaps and bounds]
a leap in prices. 物价猛涨
great leap forward 大跃进（中国于1958-1960年执行的经济计划）
leap year 闰年
It takes a great leap of imagination to see John as a teacher.
要发挥丰富的想象力才能看得出约翰是一位老师。 [a leap of imagination]
baffle
/ˈbæf(ə)l/
vt. 使困惑，难倒
n. [术语]（控制空气、水流或声音进出的）隔板，折流板；隔音板
The question baffled me completely.
这个问题把握彻底难倒了。
concede
/kənˈsiːd/
vt.
1. (勉强地）承认
2. 承认（失败），认输
3. (比赛中）不能阻止对方进球/得分等
4. 让与，（在试图保留之后）不情愿地让给 [ concede sth to ]
I concede that he’s a good runner, but I still think I can beat him.
我承认他是一名出色的赛跑运动员，可是我仍然认为自己能战胜他。
The army conceded and the enemy claimed victory.
军队承认战败，敌人宣称胜利。
Matthew kept on arguing, unwilling to concede defeat.
马修不断地争辩，不愿意认输。[concede defeat]
Manchester United were unlucky to concede a goal before half-time.
在上半场比赛结束之前，曼联队很不幸地被对方攻进一球。
After the First World War Germany conceded a lot of land to her neighbours.
第一次世界大战之后，德国把许多土地割让给了邻国。
conceal
/kənˈsiːl/
vt. [正式] 隐匿，隐藏；隐瞒
Customs officers found the cannabis concealed inside the case.
海关官员发现了藏在手提箱里的大麻。
The path was concealed by long grass.
小路被深深的草丛掩盖了。
Don’t try to conceal anything from me.
什么事都别想瞒我。[conceal sth from sb ]
condemn
/kənˈdem/
vt.
- 指责，谴责
- 给…定罪，给…判刑
- 迫使（某人）限于不幸的境地（做不愿做的事）
- 正式宣布（某楼房）为危房
- （表情或行为）表明（某人）有罪
She knew that society would condemn her for leaving her children.
她知道社会会谴责她遗弃孩子。
Politicians were quick to condemn the bombing.
政治家很快就对爆炸事件予以谴责。
The prisoner was condemned to death.
犯人被判处死刑。
A significant proportion of such children are condemned to fail.
这类孩子中的很大一部分注定会不及格。
an old house that had been condemned.
一栋已被宣布为危房的老房子。
His nervousness condemned him.
他紧张的神情表明他是有罪的。
breach
/briːtʃ/
n.
1. 违反法律/规定/协议等
2. 泄密/失信/违反礼节 [ breach of confidence/trust/etiquette etc.]
3. （友好关系的）破裂，裂痕
4. （尤指被炮火轰开的）缺口，破洞
5. 违反安全原则/失职 [a breach of security/duty etc]
vt.
1. 攻破，在…造成缺口
2. 违背，违反(法律、规定、协议等）
We will expel any member found to be in breach of the rules.
发现有违反规定的成员我们将一律开除[be in breach of sth]
If they fail to deliver the goods, we will sue them for breach of contract.
如果他们不发货，我们就告他们违约。
The company regards revealing confidential information as a serious breach of trust.
公司把泄露机密资料视为严重的背信弃义的行为。
Britain could not risk a breach with the US over sanctions.
英国不敢在制裁问题上冒与美国决裂之险。
a breach in the castle wall 城堡墙上被攻破的缺口。
There had been a major breach of security at the air base.
在空军基地发生了一宗严重违反安全规则的事故。
The storm had breached the sea wall in two places.
风暴在海堤上造成两处缺口。
The committee ruled that Payne was guilty of breaching the rules on sponsorship.
委员会裁定佩恩违反了赞助规则。
blunder
/ˈblʌndər/
n. [C] 愚蠢的错误，疏忽
vi.
1. 踉踉跄跄地走，跌跌撞撞 [blunder around/about/into]
- 犯愚蠢的错误，出漏子
A last-minute blunder by the goalkeeper cost them the match.
守门员最后一分钟的疏忽使他们输掉了这场比赛。
I could hear someone blundering around downstairs.
我能听到楼下有人在跌跌撞撞地走动。
They blundered badly when they appointed him as Chairman.
他们任命他为主席，犯了一个很愚蠢的错误。
condense
/kənˈdens/
vi&vt. （使）凝结，（使）冷凝
vt. 使（液体）浓缩
vt. 将（讲话或文章）压缩 [condense sth into sth]
Steam condensed on the bathroom mirror.
蒸汽在浴室的镜子上冷凝成水。
The gaseous metal is cooled and condenses into liquid zinc.
气态的金属被冷却并冷凝成为液态锌。
Condensed soup 浓汤
This whole chapter could be condensed into a few paragraphs.
这一整章可以压缩为几个段落。
brace
/breɪs/
vt.
1. 使准备迎接（困难），为迎接(困难)做好准备, 使振作精神
2. 把（身体）抵着（某物，以保持平衡），使稳住
3. 支撑，加固
vi&vt. （使）（身体或身体某部分）绷紧，鼓足气力
n.
1. 托架，支架
2. (儿童）牙齿矫正器
Nancy braced herself for the inevitable arguments.
南希为这场不可避免的争论做好了准备。[brace yourself for]
Jean, you’d better brace yourself to hear bad news.
吉恩，你得作好准备，有坏消息相告。[brace yourself to do]
The entire castle was braced for an attack.
整个城堡都准备好了抵抗袭击。[be braced for]
Gina braced her foot against the wall and pulled herself up.
吉纳用脚抵着墙站了起来。[brace sth against]
Before he could brace himself she’d shoved him out of the door.
他还没站稳，她就把他推出了门。[brace yourself]
Wait until we’ve braced the ladder.
等我们把梯子支撑住再说。
Stuart braced his muscles and heaved the fridge aside.
斯图尔特绷紧肌肉，把冰箱推到了一边。
frost
/frɔːst/
n.
- [U] 霜
- [C] (天气）严寒，冰冻; [hard frost] 严寒，酷寒
vt. [尤美] 在（蛋糕）上撒上糖霜。
frost up 或frost over 布满霜，结满霜
The grass and trees were white with frost.
草木上落满了白霜。
Even in May we can sometimes get a late frost.
就算在5月份，我们有时都会遇到晚春的严寒天气。
[late/early frost]
Our pipes burst in the hard frost.
我们的管道在严寒中冻裂了。
The car door’s all frosted up and I can’t get it open.
车门结满了霜，我打不开
distress
/dɪˈstres/
n. [U]
1. 极度忧虑，非常苦恼
2. [正式]（身体上的）痛苦，剧痛
3. 贫困，困苦
vt. 使伤心，使不安，使忧虑
Luke’s destructive behaviour caused his parents great distress.
卢克的破坏行为使他的父母深感忧虑。
The girl was crying and clearly in distress.
那个女孩哭了，显然很是痛苦 [in distress]
Charities that aid families in distress.
救助贫困家庭的慈善机构 [in distress]
acute financial distress 严重的财务困难。
distress signal 求救信号
be in distress （船只、飞机等）处于险境，遇险
gaze
/ɡeɪz/
vi. [+into/at] （尤指长时间无意识地）凝视，注视
n. 凝视，注视
Patrick was gazing into the fire. 帕特里克凝视着炉火。
We gazed up at the stars. 我们抬头凝望着星星。
He stood gazing at the breathtaking landscape. 他站在那里凝望着令人惊叹的风景。
Ellen simled uncomfortably and lowered her gaze.
艾伦很不自在地笑一笑，目光向下移去。[lower your gaze]
He didn’t dare to meet her gaze.
他不敢与她凝视的目光相遇。[meet sb’s gaze]
flock
/flɒk/
n. [C]
1. 畜群，鸟群
2. [一般用单数]（同类型的）一大群人
vi. [flock to/into/around] 成群结队地去，蜂拥而至，簇拥
a flock of tourists 一大群游客
Californians are flocking to enrol in special aerobics classes.
加利福尼亚人正成群结队地参加特别有氧健身操训练班。
