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NCATT AET Volume 2 > 4-4) Principles of Logic Gates > Flashcards

4-4) Principles of Logic Gates Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 most basic logic gates?

A

Inverter, AND, OR

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2
Q

What are 5 basic types of logic gates that can be produced using the 3 most basic logic gates?

A

Inverter, AND, OR, NAND, NOR

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3
Q

Draw the symbol for an inverter gate.

A
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4
Q

Draw the symbol for an AND gate.

A
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5
Q

Draw the symbol for an OR gate.

A
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6
Q

Draw the symbol for a NAND gate.

A
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7
Q

Draw the symbol for a NOR gate.

A
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8
Q

Draw the symbol for a XOR gate.

A
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9
Q

Draw the symbol for an XNOR gate.

A
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10
Q

What is a logic gate?

A

A logic gate is a device with only one output and two or more inputs. Logic gates represent the basic building blocks of digital circuits and represent decision making required in electronic circuits.

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11
Q

What are some components that may represent logic gates in an electronic circuit?

A

transistors, lights, diodes

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12
Q

What is a logic level?

A

A voltage of a specified value that is used to represent either a binary “1” or “0.” “On” or “Off.” “High” or “Low.”

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13
Q

What is a logic symbol?

A

A log symbol is a pictorial representation of a logic function. A symbol does not indicate any particular components but does indicate the function.

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14
Q

What is logic high?

A

The most positive of two voltage levels.

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15
Q

What is logic low?

A

The most negative of two voltage levels.

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16
Q

What is logic low?

A

The most negative of two voltage levels.

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17
Q

What is a logic function?

A

A function expressing a relationship between variable input(s) to a system device and the resultant output.

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18
Q

What is a gate?

A

A device that has two or more inputs and only one output.

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19
Q

What is a truth table?

A

A table that shows all possible input combinations to a logic function and the resultant outputs.

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20
Q

What are the rules for an AND gate?

A
  • All inputs must be high to product high output
  • Only ONE combination will produce a high output
  • And low input = low output
21
Q

Write out an AND gate truth table.

A
22
Q

How do AND gate rules change when you had more than 2 inputs?

A

They don’t. The same rules apply. All inputs must be high before a high can be produced. A good example is a pilot’s checklist where all items on the checklist need to be “high” before the aircraft can fly.

23
Q

What are the rules for an OR logic gate?

A
  • If any inputs are high, the output is high.
24
Q

Write out an OR gate truth table.

A
25
Q

What are the rules for a NAND gate?

A
  • A NAND gate is similar to the AND gate except it adds an inverter at the end.
  • Also known as a Not AND gate.
  • Logic gate inputs are the same as the AND gate, but the outputs are opposite, inverted
  • All high inputs will produce a low output
  • Any low input will cause a high output
26
Q

Write out a NAND gate truth table.

A

?????

AET Volume 2 56-57?

27
Q

Explain how to use an Inhibitor Gate

A

?????

28
Q

What are the rules for a NOR gate?

A
  • If any input is high, the output is low
  • If all inputs are low, the output will be high
29
Q

Write out a NOR gate truth table

A
30
Q

What are the rules for an XNOR gate?

A
  • This is an XOR gate with an inverted output.
  • It produces a HIGH output when the inputs are either all HIGH or all LOW.
31
Q

Write out a truth table for an XNOR gate.

A
32
Q

What are the rules for a XOR gate?

A
  • XOR gate is a modified OR gate that produces a HIGH output when one and only one of the inputs is HIGH.
  • When both inputs are HIGH or when both inputs are LOW, the output in LOW.
33
Q

Write out a truth table for a XOR gate.

A
34
Q

What is a buffer gate?

A

Buffers do not invert the signal like a NOT gate. Buffers are connection devices that connect circuits together. This could be for isolation, protection, filtering, distribution or impedance matching.

35
Q

What is an inverter?

A

An inverter inverts a single input signal. 0 becomes 1, 1 becomes 0. Output is 180° out of phase from the input.

36
Q

How do you recognize an inverter or NOT gate from annotation?

A

Output may be labeled with a vinculum ( — ) Ā on the output (if the input is “A”). A small bubble o may also be located on the input or output side.

37
Q

Review timing charts for logic gates and compare with truth tables.

A
38
Q

What are flip-flops?

A

Flip-flops are synchronous bistable storage devices capable of storing one bit. The output changes are synchronized with a clock signal.

39
Q

What is the difference between latches and flip-flops?

A

The main difference between latches and flip-flops is the method used to change their states. Latches are level sensitive, or level-triggered. This means that the outputs are dependent on the voltage level applied, not on any signal transition.

Flip-flops are edge-triggered, that is that they depend on the transition of a signal. They may either be a LOW-to-HIGH (rising edge) or a HIGH-to-LOW (falling edge) transition.

40
Q

When using logic symbols, what annotation is used to show edge triggering?

A

A small triangle inside the block at the clock input (C). The absence or presence of a bubble, outside the block, is used to indicate rising and falling edge triggering respectively.

41
Q

What do S and R stand for in S-R flip-flop?

A

S and R stand for Set and Reset.

42
Q

What is an S-R Flip-Flop?

A

This is a trigger that sets the Flip-Flop state from either 1 or 0. S and R inputs determine what happens to the flip-flop and the clock determines when it happens.

43
Q

What is a D flip-flop?

A

AET volume 2 page 65–shitty explanation

44
Q

What is a J-K Flip-Flop?

A

The J-K flip flop is perhaps the most widely used type of flip-flop. Its function is identical to the S-R flip-flop in the SET, RESET and HOLD conditions of operation. The difference is that the J-K flip-flop does not have any invalid states.

45
Q

Explain the difference and application of S-R, D and J-K Flip-Flops.

A

No idea… maybe AET Volume 2 Page 66, shitty explanations.

46
Q

Explain how counters work.

A

No idea… AET volume 2 page 67-69

47
Q

Explain how logic adders work.

A

No idea…

48
Q

Explain how logic half adders work.

A

No idea

49
Q

Explain how full adders work.

A

No idea

NCATT AET Volume 2 (10 decks)

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