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Pharmacology > ANS (autonomic Nervous System) > Flashcards

ANS (autonomic Nervous System) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the ANS?

A

All those neural pathways that leave the brain but don’t innervate voluntary muscles

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2
Q

ANS is split into two sections?

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

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3
Q

What is sympathetic system?

A

Fight or flight system

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4
Q

What is the parasympathetic system?

A

Rest and digest

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5
Q

What is a ganglion?

A

Mass of cell bodies found outside the CNS

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6
Q

Sympathetic ganglia found where?

A

Dorsal horn

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7
Q

Parasympathetic ganglia are found?

A

Near or inside the targets they innervate

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8
Q

What is the amygdala?

A

Main region of brain for emotions

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9
Q

What are exceptions in the sympathetic nervous system?

A

Kidneys and adrenal gland

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10
Q

Why is the kidney an exception in sympathetic nervous system?

A

Directly release dopamine onto vascular bed smooth muscle

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11
Q

Why is the adrenal gland an exception in sympathetic nervous system?

A

It is an exception because acetylcholine is released directly onto the gland to activate nicotinic receptors

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12
Q

What neurotransmitter is used at excitatory transmission of autonomic ganglia?

A

Acetylcholine on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

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13
Q

Transmission at postganglionic sympathetic synapse involves what neurotransmitter?

A

Noradrenaline on either alpha/beta adrenoreceptors

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14
Q

Transmission at parasympathetic synapse usually involves what neurotransmitter?

A

Acetylcholine working on muscarinic receptors

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15
Q

What is the enteric nervous system?

A

Regulate gastrointestinal tract, express mechano /chemoreceptors involved in pathways that regulates input independently of neural input

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16
Q

What isn’t noradrenaline used for in sympathetic synapses?

A

Sweat glands and vasodilation

17
Q

Synthesis of nor/adrenaline?

A

Tyrosine, L-Dopa, dopamine, noradrenaline then Adrenaline

18
Q

Enzymes used for not/adrenaline production?

A

Tyrosine hydroxylase
Dopadecarboxylase
Dopamine betahydroxylase
PNMT

19
Q

Drugs that interfere with catecholine synthesis?

A

Alpha-methyl-tyrosine (inhibits tyrosine hydroxylase)

Alpha-methyl-dopa (leads false transmitters?

20
Q

How is noradrenaline reuptake out of synapse?

A 
By:
Extraneuronal cells (high capacity)
Nerve terminal (low capacity)
21
Q

How does nerve terminal reup take the noradrenaline?

A

Noradrenaline transporter (NAT) require ATP and sodium

22
Q

How does noradrenaline uptake occur at extra neuronal tissue?

A

By passive means, inhibited by cortisol

Pharmacology (4 decks)

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