Rock vocabulary

Question 1

A model that describes how rocks slowly change from one form to another through time

Answer 1

Rock cycle

Question 2

A mixture of minerals, organic matter, volcanic glass, or other materials. there are 3 types of rocks. What are they?

Answer 2

Rocks: Sedimentary, metamorphic, igneous

Question 3

Forms when sediments are pressed and cemented together. Give an example

Answer 3

Sedimentary Rocks. Sandstone is an example.

Question 4

Forms when heat, pressure, or fluids act on igneous, sedimentary or other metamorphic rock to change its form or composition or both. What is an example?

Answer 4

Metamorphic rocks. Marble is an example.

Question 5

Forms when magma or lava cools and hardens. What is an example?

Answer 5

Igneous rocks. An example is pumice.

Question 6

Describes an igneous rock that has mineral compositions between those of basaltic and granitic rocks.

Answer 6

Andesitic rock

Question 7

Describes a dense and dark colored igneous rock. They form from magma that is rich in iron and magnesium and poor in silica.

Answer 7

Basaltic Igneous Rock

Question 8

Describes a type of igneous rock that generally contains large crystals and forms when magma cools slowly beneath Earth’s surface.

Answer 8

Intrusive

Question 9

Describes metamorphic rock such as slate and gneiss, whose mineral grains line up in parallel layers.

Answer 9

Foliated

Question 10

Describes metamorphic rock such as quartzite or marble whose mineral grains rearrange, but generally do not form layers.

Answer 10

Nonfoliated

Question 11

Have granulated textures much like granulated sugar. What is an example?

Answer 11

Detrital Sedimentary Rock. An example is a conglomerate.

Question 12

Made of minerals that precipitate from saline water. What is an example?

Answer 12

Chemical Sedimentary Rock. An example is limestone.

Question 13

Formed from the accumulation and lithification of organic debris, such as leaves, roots, and other plant or animal material. what is an example?

Answer 13

Organic sedimentary rock. Coal is an example

Question 14

Sedimentary rock-forming process in which sediment grains are held together by natural cements that are produced when water moves through rock and soil.

Answer 14

Cementation

Question 15

The process that forms sedimentary rocks when layers of sediments are compressed by the weight of the layers above them.

Answer 15

Compaction

Question 16

When particles of rock are laid down in layers.

Answer 16

Deposition

Question 17

The process in which sediments compact under pressure, expel fluids, and gradually become solid rock. Essentially, this is a process of destruction through compaction and cementation.

Answer 17

Lithification

Question 18

Molten rock that flows from volcanoes onto the Earth’s surface.

Answer 18

Lava

Question 19

Lava when it reaches the Earth’s surface.

Answer 19

Magma

Question 20

Loose materials such as rock fragments, mineral grains, and the remains of once-living plants and animals that have been moved by wind, water, ice, or gravity.

Answer 20

Sediments