Dermatology Base week 1 Flashcards
What is the diagnosis ? Who is at increased risk? Management? Diagnosis?
impetigo - bacterial, mostly staph, strep
ATSI at increased risk
Need to ttr
Mupiricin- topical antibiotic used
IN patients, need to talk about hand hygeiene, stop from school, washing towels.
Management:
1) Clean and cover
2) Isolation until 24 hours antibiotics
3) Topical mupricon or oral flucoxacillin
Complications?
1) Rheumatic fever
2) RHD
3) PSGN
How do you manage this? Folliculitis (infection of hair follicile)
What is the diagnosis? What antibiotic would you use?
Boil/carbuncle
Management:
1) Excision and drainage
2) Flucoxacillin
Need to swap to check for MSRA
What is diagnosis? How would you manage this? What is most likely to cause it?
Management:
1) Flucoxacillin, Cephalexin if penicillin allergie
What is erysielas? who is it more common in?
What is the diagnosis? How do you treat this? Management principles?
Acne-
Management
1) Saclyic acid+antiseptic
2) Benzyl peroxide 5%
3) Topic retinoid (
4) Low dose doxycycline - use for atleast 6 weeks
5) Hormonal related- COCP- (Yasmin) - ( increases progesterone- decreases testosterone)
Topical agents for mild acne which require a prescription include:
- Combination prescription topicals include clindamycin/benzoyl peroxide and adapalene/benzoyl peroxide gel.
- Antiseptic washes with triclosan or benzoyl peroxide
- Mild salicylic acid preparations to exfoliate and unplug the follicles
- Benzoyl peroxide cream/lotion/gel
- Azelaic acid cream or lotion
- Hydrogen peroxide in stabilised cream
- Immune defence proteins
- Tea tree oil, bee venom, polyphenols and other products for which evidence of efficacy is limited.
Antibiotics, such as clindamycin solution, or erythromycin solution and gel, which are best used with benzoyl peroxide or azelaic acid to reduce the chance of antibiotic resistance
Retinoids include tretinoin, isotretinoin, adapalene, trifarotene; in some countries, adapalene is available without a prescription.
Treatment of moderately severe acne
- Treatment for moderately severe acne usually includes the topical agents described above. In addition, oral medication may be prescribed, usually for at least 3–6 months.
- Suitable oral medications include:
- Antibiotics such as tetracycline, minocycline, doxycycline or trimethoprim
- The combined oral contraceptive pill, in females
- Oral antiandrogens, such as low-dose cyproterone (in combination with oestrogen), and/or spironolactone, particularly if there are signs of hyperandrogenism
- Short-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents such as ibuprofen or naproxen
- Oral isotretinoin for resistant or persistent acne.
- When oral antibiotics are discontinued, control should be maintained long-term by continuing topical therapy.
Treatment of severe acne
- Treatment for severe acne requires oral treatment. Patients should be under the care of a dermatologist.
- Many patients will be treated with oral isotretinoin.
- The following may also be prescribed:
- High dose oral antibiotics for six months or longer
- In females, especially those with polycystic ovary syndrome, oral antiandrogens such as oestrogen/cyproterone or spironolactone may be suitable long-term
- Systemic corticosteroids are sometimes used
Physical treatments for acne
Sunlight is anti-inflammatory and can help briefly. However, exposure to ultraviolet radiation results in skin ageing and can eventually lead to skin cancer.
Lasers and other light systems using visible light wavelengths appear safe and helpful for acne. Treatment is often delivered twice weekly for four weeks. The effect may be enhanced by the use of a photosensitising agent (photodynamic therapy).
Cryotherapy (freezing treatment) may be useful to control new nodules.
Intralesional steroid injections can be used to shrink older nodules and pseudocysts.
What are management principles of acne?
What are some myths regarding acne?
1) diet is not always a big effect on
What is this condition? What are the clinical features?
Oral tetracyclines also use an anti-inflammatory
What is the diagnosis? What are the clinical features? Diagnosis? Management?
Peri oral dermatitis
what is the diagnosis? How do we manage it?
Tinea pedia, dry out, powders/antifungas
What is the diagnosis? Management?
Tinea cruris
Dry out, Antifungals
What is the diagnosis?
Treatment?
Pityriasis Versicolor (malezerria)- Very typical of
Yeast infection- Problem is it comes back easily, major problem it is unsightly
Topical antifungal, can use oral if sevevre, Selelnium sulfate 2.5%
Fluconazole as single dose if severe
What is the diagnosis? Annular lesion? Management?
Tinea Corpois
Tx: Topical antifungal + stay away form animals in house
What is the diagnosis? How do we treat this?
Headlice
1) Shampoos, nil, rid, fine tooth comb, boil clothing/bedding, dry cleaning.
Spread by shared hats, towels, combs, bedding, clothing, upholestry and headphones
What is the diagnosis? Treatment?
Herpes
Tx:
- Analgesia for pain
- oral antiviral (valciclovir)
What is the diagnosis? management? Complications? Prevention?
Shingles, high dose Antivirals,
What is the condition? How would we treat?
Wart
tx: Cryotherapy, paint with salyclic acid
Mean duration infection- 12 months, most common in school aged
What is the diagnosis? How do tx?
POx virus, Molluscum contagious
How do we managae molluscum contagiosum? Who is it more common in? How do we manange it?
What is the diagnosis? tx?
Urticaria
What is the diagnosis? Dermatitis- types? tx??
Atopic dermatitis
Contact dermatitis- irratant
Explain demographics of atopic dermatitis? What is the distribution
What is the diagnosis? How do we manage it?
Skin care!!
- decrease number of shower
- use creams to stop dry
- UV light
- high dose topical steroids
What is the diagnosis?
Sebaceous cyst
Explain pityriasis rosea? What is the distinctive feature? How do we manage it?
What is the diagnosis?
Grannulare
What is the diagnosis? Whatare clinical features? Diagnosis?
Erythema nodosum
Associated with strep, post, need to do blood
What is the diagnosis? CLinical features? Treatment?
Associated with- SCC, labial fusion.
