33- Equinis

Question 1

what is equinus

Answer 1

the inability of being able to produce 10 degrees of dorsiflexion during normal gait (in the closed chain)

Question 2

do most symptom free ankle joints reach 10 degrees of dorsiflex during gate

Answer 2

no

Question 3

what are the 3 rocker motions that allow humans to go thru stance phase correctly

Answer 3

1. R1 (heel rocker)
2. R2 (ankle rocker)
3. R3 (forefoot rocker)

Question 4

what rocker is most likely to be insufficient

Answer 4

R2 (ankle rocker)

sometimes r3

Question 5

What is failure of R3 caused by

Answer 5

functional hallux limits or hallux rigidus

Question 6

3 major causes of non neurologically induced equinus

Answer 6

1. Bony block bw talus and distal tibia
2. Compensatory loss of ankle jt range of motion fr some other condition such as pet cavus (pseudoequinus)
3. Muscular tightness/contracture

Question 7

what are the 3 causes of mm tightness equines

Answer 7

1. soleus
2. soleus + gastroc
3. Gastroc

Question 8

how to differentiate gastric/ soleus tightness

Answer 8

full extension of knee tests gastroc tightness

at 20 degrees knee flex u can iso soleus

Question 9

what is the direct and indirect tension of the gastroc cause

Answer 9

direct- can produce achilles tendonosis +/or haglund deformity

indirect- force also transferred to calcaneus causing a bending moment thru the distal jts of the foot slowly causing their premature degenerative

Question 10

increasing tension in triceps Surrei cause what in the foot

Answer 10

puts more ground rxn force at the toes and increases moment of foot q

-pushes foot into pronation

Question 11

what can gastroc tightness also cause in the rockers off the foot

Answer 11

mid tarsal jt will experiment a moment so that it will actually dorsiflex (R4)- called rocker foot

Question 12

what will a tight gastroc cause for the femur

Answer 12

limits femur coming forward

`

Question 13

so if r2 or failure of r3 occurs what happens

Answer 13

the mid tarsal jt or the knee will have to be sacrificed

r2 failure tends to cause r3 failure

Question 14

difference in soleus tightness

Answer 14

similar consequences to gastroc tightness by since it doesn’t cross knee, knee extension will not put any further strain on achilles tendon

Question 15

is their a link bw flat foot and equinues

Answer 15

potentially

Question 16

is limited ankle dorsiflex associated w PF

Answer 16

yes

(presence of calcanal spur, tightness in gastroc/ gastroc+soleus and hams had sig association w plantar fasciitis

Question 17

what type of stretching is good for gastroc

Answer 17

static stretching and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation are effective in increasing DFROM

-balistic stretching did not show positive results

Question 18

What is the best pos for the subtler jt in stretching

Answer 18

3w program with STJ pos in pronation showed more increased dorsiflexion then those who did it in supination

Question 19

stretching on pain reduction achilles tendonopathy

Answer 19

both sustained and intermittent achilles tendon stretching exercises were effective nornsurgical tx for painful heel syndroms