Hypocalcaemia Flashcards
1
Q
What is hypocalcaemia?
A
Low serum calcium
2
Q
What are the causes?
A
Low PTH
- primary or idiopathic hypoparathyroidism
- Congenital absence of parathyroid gland
- surgical removal
- radiation damage
- hypomagnesia
High PTH
- pancreatitis
- Vit D deficiency
- alkalosis
High phosphate
- renal impairment
- rhabdomyolysis
- tumour lysis
Drugs- calcitonin and bisphosphonates
3
Q
What are the symptoms?
A
Muscle cramping Carpo-pedal flexion -when BP taken wrist and fingers flex Cataracts Perioral tingling Seizures Depression/ Anxiety
4
Q
What investigations are needed?
A
Dependent on underlying cause
ECG- prolonged QT
Bloods
- Calcium= low
- PTH= low/raised
- phosphate= high
- magnesium= low
- U&Es= deranged
5
Q
What is the management?
A
Mild
-Adcal= Vit D and calcium
Moderate/severe
- IV calcium gluconate
- 10% of 10mls then maintenance
- start adcal
Find and treat underling cause
