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DHA Exam > Cardiology > Flashcards

Cardiology Flashcards

1
Q

Ptn with AF on warfarin developed intracranial hemorrhage, what to give

A

FFP

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2
Q

Ptn present with digoxin toxicity , how to treat

A

In case of AV Block or sever bradycardia give Atropine/ in life threatening arrhythmia give digoxin FAB antibodies also lidocaine and phenytoin can be used

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3
Q

Ptn present arthralgia, fever, with harsh systolic murmur radiated to the neck , two weeks ago the ptn had throats infection with proteinuria and hemorrhagic urine what’s your diagnosis

A

Infective endocarditis

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4
Q

What’s the best to confirm ischemia

A

CT angio

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5
Q

Complete heart block management

A

Permanent pacemaker

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6
Q

Ptn with HF is on IV now develops dyspnea and bilateral basal crepitaion what to do

A

Monitor IV fluids daily

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7
Q

HF due to left ventricular hypertrophy is ……dysfunction

A

Diastolic dysfunction

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8
Q

Lateral MI best intervention

A

PCI

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9
Q

Name absolute contraindication of thrombolytic therapy

A

Intracranial hemorrhage in the last 2 years

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10
Q

Old ptn oh hydrochlothiazide for 5 years with no improvement what to add

A

Add CCB

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11
Q

Ptn with hyperkalemia ( potassium >6.5 ) and ECG show tall T wave what to give

A

Calcium gluconate

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12
Q

Old ptn came for cardiac checkup , everything is normal but when you calculated his 10 years risk of MI the score was 6.9 what to do

A

Reassure , maybe stress ECG

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13
Q

Ptn with DM, HTN on ACEI, furosemide, atrovastatin, his potassium is >6. What go to do

A

Stop ACEI??? Not sure

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14
Q

Ptn with HTN, left ventricular hypertophy , no valves pb. What’s the cause of his HF

A

Diastolic dysfunction

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15
Q

Case of gunshot with raised JVP, no heart sounds, management

A

Pericardiocentesis

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16
Q

Stab wound in the chest came with raised JVP, weak pulse , what happened

A

Cardiac temponade

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17
Q

Child with lower chest stab wound, with hypotension, tachycardia what to do

A

Tube thoracostomy

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18
Q

Ptn with HTN, ejection systolic murmur at right sternal border radiating to carotid artery,loud S2 what is it?

A

Aortic stenosis

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19
Q

STEMI in lead AVL, V5,V6 =

A

Lateral MI

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20
Q

Ptn with CHF, and AF, what to do ?

A

Give Amiodarone ( if compensated = BB,CCB ) if uncompensated = digoxin

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21
Q

ICU Ptn complaining of fever only after operation what to give

A

IV Paracetamol

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22
Q

Low pitched diastolic murmur, heard best at the apex, what is it

A

Mitral stenosis

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23
Q

Ptn with HTN, with FH of HTN , what to givec

A

ACEI

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24
Q

Old ptn otherwise healthy , has atrial fibrillation, what to give / Ptn with TIA symptoms with a fib .

A

Warfarin INR has to be 2-3

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25
Q

Ptn with CKD has atrial fibrillation, what to give

A

Warfarin

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26
Q

Ptn suspected to have chronic thromboembolic disease, what’s the highest diagnostic test

A

Spiral CT with contrast

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27
Q

Ptn with HF and desaturated at88% what to do

A

Give O2%

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28
Q

Smoking increases the risk of MI……

A

2 times

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29
Q

Smoking decrease survival rate by

A

10

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30
Q

Smoking causes lung cancer on …..years

A

20 years

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31
Q

Ptn on lisinopril complain of dry cough what alternative can you give her

A

Losartan

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32
Q

Murmur that goes by valsava maneuver is indicative of…….

A

Mitral regurgitation

33
Q

Ptn with unstable angina with st segment depression on statin, BB, aspirin, nitrate what to add?

A

Clopidogril

34
Q

Diabetic ptn on insulin and statins, what else should be added to prevent cardiac disease

A

Aspirin

35
Q

Ptn says he’s brother died suddenly, what disease should be ruled out?

A

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

36
Q

Ptn with bronchogenic carcinoma present with dyspnea , elevated JVP, clear lung sound, decreased heart sound ,what’s next step

A

Echo

37
Q

What indicate ventricular function

A

BNP

38
Q

Drug abuser with painless rash on the soles or palms, retinal splinter hemorrhage , spleenomegaly, what’s your diagnosis?

A

Bacterial endocarditis

39
Q

Case of STEMI came to a clinic which doesn’t have PCI what to do!

A

Give ASA, streptokinase, Heparin, BB

40
Q

Ptn known to have HTN, is presented with headache, sweating, palpation, dyspnea, her HTN is not well controlled despite multiple medications, imaging shows Supra-renal mass , what’s the recommended drug

A

Alpha blocker

41
Q

Ptn with CHF , EF is 25% but ptn is asymptotic, what to give

A

ACEI

42
Q

Ptn came after 2 weeks of doing PCI, looking pale, cold limbs, swelling ,what your diagnosis

A

Acute ischemic emboli

43
Q

ECG case with yellow vision, hyperkalemia

A

Digoxin toxicity

44
Q

Diabetic ptn with cardiac disease, your goal in management is ?

A

LDL less than 70

45
Q

Ptn with sever HTN 220/180 not decreased with BB and diuretics , management?

A

Give aplha blocker

46
Q

ECG picture with ST elevation in lead 2-3 AVF ,what’s your diagnosis

A

Inferior MI

47
Q

Drug that decrease mortality in HFis

A

Enalpril

48
Q

Ptn with HF, DM, HTN on ACEI but can’t tolerate it, what’s alternative?

A

ARBs as lorestan

49
Q

Ptn with HF, DM is admitted for hysterectomy, she’s now day 4 and still on IV fluid ( NS ) she developed dyspnea with crackles, how to prevent this

A

Daily fluid assessment

50
Q

Ptn with flat T wave on ECG, what does it indicate

A

Hypokalemia

51
Q

Ptn with history of TB present with chest pain, raised JVP, no murmur, what’s your diagnosis

A

Constrictive Pericarditis

52
Q

Young ptn just diagnosed with HTN, and has high creatinine, what to prescribe?

A

ACEI

53
Q

Ptn with atrial fibrillation is having PCI because of recent MI, what to give him ?

A

Warfarin + 2 type of anti platelets

54
Q

ECG picture with history of recent infection and chest pain , what’s the diagnosis

A

Pericarditis

55
Q

Ptn with very high BP and catecholamines, what’s your treatment

A

Alpha blockers

56
Q

Ptn with atrial fibrillation and dilated cardiomyopathy, what to give to control the rate

A

BB

57
Q

Ptn with HF ( dyspnea, cough, bilateral lung crackles) asking about treatment

A

IV furosemide

58
Q

Pregnant woman present with dyspnea, lower limb edema, bilateral lung crackles , investigation

A

Echo

59
Q

Ptn with HTN is on 25mg daily hydroclorothiazide but not yet controlled what to add

A

ACEI

60
Q

Ptn with DM, HTN, TIA and atrial fibrillation, management

A

Warfarin

61
Q

Cardiomegaly was discovered in ptn who came for routine checkup, ptn is asymptotic, EF is 40 what to do

A

Give ACEI

62
Q

Ptn with prosthetic valve. What prophylaxis is needed

A

No antibiotics

63
Q

Ptn with uncontrollable HTN is on CCB, ARBs, thiazide, what to ass

A

BB

64
Q

Risk factor of stroke is mostly ass. With ……

A

HTN

65
Q

Ptn with asthma with mitral regurgitation, murmur 3/6 , what’s next

A

Echo

66
Q

Ptn with DM, HTN, is having ingrown nail, what should you check before the surgery?

A

Peripheral pulses

67
Q

Ptn with HF complaining of non productive cough for 2 months he’s on ACEI, BB, non smoker, EF 40% ,what to do

A

Stop ACEI

68
Q

ECG picture with pr depression, global ST elevation, what to give

A

NSAIDs

69
Q

Ptn with atrial fibrillation for 2 hours , he’s stable what to give

A

Amiodarone

70
Q

ECG show’s diffuse ST elevation, treatment

A

Ibuprofen

71
Q

Ptn with cannon A wave and raised JVP , asking about management

A

Permanent pacemaker

72
Q

Ptn with dyspnea, fever , arthralgia , history of dental visits 2 weeks ago and 2 months ago, on examination there’s murmur radiating to axilla , on urine analysis = proteinuria, hematuria, diagnosis

A

Infective endocarditis

73
Q

Ptn with mid systolic murmur, best heard at the right lower sternal border , has S4 no S3 best heard at the apex, diagnosis

A

Aortic stenosis

74
Q

Female ptn, smoker, taking OCP for 6 years , went for surgery, in the surgery she developed tachycardia, hypotension, cause?

A

PE

75
Q

Diffuse ST segment elevation =

A

Pericarditis

76
Q

Case of acute attack of PE what should you give?

A

Enoxaparin = stable / unstable = alteplase

77
Q

Empirical treatment for infective endocarditis?

A

Vancomycin + ceftriaxone

78
Q

When to consider mitral valve critical?

A

Less than 1 cm

DHA Exam (21 decks)

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