Alexander II's Other Reforms Flashcards
What other areas did he reform?
Military Local gov Judiciary Education Censorship Other…
What were the military reform and who did them
Milyutin
Wanted reform due the he losses Russia had sustained (E.G Crimean war)
1874-75 made conscription more efficient and compulsory
Medicine and healthcare became better
Local gov reforms
Given power to improve public services and develop industrial projects
This was only at a local level
1870- extended to town and called ‘Dumas’
Judiciary reforms
New legal system needed
Modelled after the west = new system in 1864
Criminal cases now heard in front of a jury and a barrister
Courts became public and newspapers could report on them
Educational reforms
Motive: Education needed for the newly freed
1870 - schools open to everyone
⬆️ in English and maths shcools
Censorship reforms
Censorship was relaxed under him
Foriegn works were allowed into the country = ⬆️ in published books
List some of the other reforms he made?
- eliminated corruption int he Orthodox Church (in the early years)
- liberation in finance
What were the benefits and negatives of the military reforms
+ Punishments became less harsh
+ Better healthcare
+ Literacy rates improved
+ opening of military colleges
- still struggled to win the war against turkey
- lost WW1
- Defeated by the Japanese
What were the benefits and negatives of the Local government reforms?
+Raised the hopes of the intelligentsia
+ Composed of people who understood the locality
- had no power over taxes
- The state could overturn their decisions
- Peasants had very little to no power
- Nobels voices dominated the zemtva
What were the benefits and negatives of the Judiciary reforms
+Tried to establish equality and make it more fair
+ it was open to the public
- Trails by jury in Poland were never established
- Not all courts were part of these reforms
- Peasants were still treated differently
What were the benefits and negatives of the educational reforms
+ Schools were looked after by the local council
+ Universities could run themselves
- Restriction in primary schools
- More moral and religions teachings than educational
What were the benefits and negatives of the censorship reforms
+ People could read more freely about me ideas & report more freely about their ideas
- ;dad to a tightening of control
Where could Jewish people and other ethnic minorities could be undertaken to and what did that mean for them
They could be undertaken into the church and this meant more equality.
However ethnic minorities could not take on major roles - is this true?
Yes
Was the ‘financial liberation’ at the expense of the peasants
YES
