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MLSCI 242 > LECTURE - Neisseria > Flashcards

LECTURE - Neisseria Flashcards

1
Q

gram neg diplococci

A

Neisseria

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2
Q

T or F. meningococcus grows on chocolate agar

A

T!

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3
Q

purpura

A

death to tissues = amputattions

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4
Q

infection by Neisseria

A
  • pilis bind to resp epithelium (anchorage)
  • tight adherence
  • invasion and transcytosis
  • invasion and intracellular accommodation or bloodstream =systemic infection
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5
Q

virulence factors of NN. meningitidis

A
  • pili: cellular adherence
  • Opa: cellular adherence and invasion
  • porin: intracellular survival
  • LOS: endotoxin
  • LOS-Sialylation: serum resistance
  • capsule: anti-phagocytic; serum resistance
  • transferrin binding proteins: iron acquisition
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6
Q

virulence factor for N. meningitidis that is the basis for vaccines

A

capsule!

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7
Q

capsular polysaccharide is basis of __________

A

serogroup

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8
Q

four most prevalent serogroups (Neisseria meningitidis)

A
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • Y
  • W135
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9
Q

meningitis belt

A

where epidemic group A disease is found (N. meningitidis)

- good vaccine available!! conjugated to tetanus toxoid; minimizes impact of serogroup A!

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10
Q

current vaccination to prevent meningococcal disease

A
  • penicillin and cephalosporins if diagnosed early enough
  • contacts of cases are treated with rifampin
  • asymptomatic carrier state = few of the people colonized go on to develop meningitis
  • Bexsero = multicomponent meningococcal vaccine for serogroup B
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11
Q

why is type B capsular polysaccharide a poor antigen and why is serogroup B vaccine recent?

A

type B consists of sialic acid residues in similar linkages found on most human cells so it looks like self = autoimmunity risk

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12
Q

serogroup B cap polysacch is chemically identical to

A

K1 capsular polysaccharide of E. coli

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13
Q

solutions for dealing with group B vaccine wise

A
  1. OM vesicle vaccines; isolate blebs; surface proteins

2. reverse vaccinology = identified novel targets

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14
Q

aonther challenge for making a serogroup B vaccine

A
  • proteins expressed from conserved gene sequences were over-expressed
  • these proteins were injected into mice to see if they produced a protective response in a mouse model of infection
  • Bexsero vaccine
  • NadA (Neisserial adhesin A)
  • fHbp, factor H binding protein
  • NHBA, neisserial heparin-binding antigen
  • por A porin protein
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15
Q

T or F. Both meningococcus and gonococcus are oxidase negative

A

F! positive

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16
Q

where is N. gonorrhea isolated in women?

A

endocervix or throughout vagina

17
Q

where is N. gonorrhea isolated in men?

A

urethra

18
Q

manifestations of gonorrhea in men vs women

A

urethritis vs endocervicitis

- can cause ascending infection = sterility if not treated

19
Q

gonococcus antibiotic resistance

A

lots of vaccines that it’s resistant to now; so has to be monitored over time
-ceftriaxone is vaccine of choice

20
Q

main virulence factor for gonococci

A

type IV pili
- allow gonococci to attach to cell surfaces but also provide a means of movement = twitching motility; grappling hook like Pseudomonas

21
Q

this makes gonococci 1000-fold more competent by facilitating uptake of DNA

A

pili

- genetic recombination of homologous regions for genetic diversity (antigenic diversity)

22
Q

non-piliated vs piliated GC

A

non = large
piliated = small
opacity can occur in either!!

23
Q

Opa proteins in GC

A
  • variation occurs due to on-off expression by DNA slip-strand mispairing
  • role in adherence to CEACAAMs in vivo
  • opacity-associated proteins
24
Q

pili proteins in GC

A
  • variation occurs when different mini cassettes (mc) in pilin silent genes (pilS) recombine with homologous regions in a pilin expression cassette (pilE)); results in change in pilin size and antigenicity = immune system can’t keep up
25
Q

to inhibit complement activation (C3/C5 convertase) for GC

A

fHbp (factor H binding protein)
> porB (porin protein)
> Opas
> Tbp (transfering binding protein)

26
Q

Moraxella catarrhalis

A
  • gram neg diplococci
  • otitis media in children typically(like GAS); tympanic membrane pushed out by pus on the inside
  • puncture eardrum drain pus and treat w antibiotics
  • pulmonary infection in COPD, elderly

MLSCI 242 (39 decks)

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