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Powerplant > Reciprocating Engine Theory 2 > Flashcards

Reciprocating Engine Theory 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The recommended maximum number of hours that an engine can run between overhauls.

A

Time between overhauls.

TBO

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2
Q

The ratio of the weight of an aircraft engine to the brake horsepower it develops.

A

Specific weight.

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3
Q

NASA

A

National Aeronautics and space administration.

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4
Q

NACA

A

National advisory committee for aeronautics.

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5
Q

This assures a good flow of cooling air over the engine cylinders and produces a forward aerodynamic force.

A

NACA cowling

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6
Q

T/F

NACA cowlings actually produce a forward aerodynamic force.

A

True

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7
Q

The ability of an engine to perform as the manufacturer has promised is known as the _______ of an engine.

A

Reliability.

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8
Q

The durability of an aircraft engine may be indicated by the manufacturer’s recommended _______.

A

TBO

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9
Q

A reciprocating engine with all the cylinders arranged in a straight line.

A

In-line engine.

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10
Q

A form of reciprocating engine in which the cylinders are arranged in two banks which are separated by an angle between 45 and 90 degrees.

A

V-engine

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11
Q

An in-line or v-engine in which the cylinders are mounted below the crankshaft.

A

Inverted engine.

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12
Q

A radial engine in which the propeller, crankcase and cylinders revolve as a unit.

A

Rotary radial engine.

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13
Q

The end of a reciprocating engine on which many of the accessories are mounted.

A

Accessory end.

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14
Q

The end of a reciprocating engine to which the propeller mounts.

A

Propeller end.

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15
Q

The end of a reciprocating engine that does not attach to the propeller.

A

Antipropeller end.

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16
Q

T/F

All radial engines number the cylinders with the bottom cylinder as 1.

A

False.

Top cylinder is 1

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17
Q

T/F

Radial engine cylinder numbering progresses consecutively around the engine in a counterclockwise direction.

A

False.

Direction of the crankshaft

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18
Q

A reciprocating engine in which the cylinders are arranged like the spokes of a wheel radiating out from a small central crankcase

A

Radial engine.

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19
Q

The firing order of a nine-cylinder radial engine is _______.

A

1-3-5-7-9-2-4-6-8

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20
Q

The smoothness with which a reciprocating engine runs is determined by the ______.

A

Spacing and timing of the firing impulses.

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21
Q

T/F

All cylinders fire in two revolutions of crankshaft rotation.

A

True.

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22
Q

The reservoir on an aircraft engine that holds the lubrication oil.

A

Sump.

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23
Q

Two basic types of lubrication systems used on aircraft reciprocating engines.

A

Wet sump.

Dry sump.

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24
Q

________ lubrication systems are normally used by radial engines and inverted in-line and V-engines.

A

Dry-sump

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25
Q

_______ engines carry all the lubricating oil in an integral sump that is part of the crankcase.

A

Wet-sump

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26
Q

R =

A

Radial

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27
Q

O =

A

Opposed

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28
Q

A=

A

Aerobatic

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29
Q

G=

A

Geared nose section

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30
Q

H=

A

Horizontal, for helicopter

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31
Q

I=

A

Fuel injected

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32
Q

L (At beginning of sequence) =

A

Left hand engine rotation

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33
Q

L (At end of sequence)

A

Liquid cooled

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34
Q

S=

A

Supercharged

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35
Q

T or TS =

A

Turbocharged

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36
Q

V=

A

Vertical for helicopter

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37
Q

F=

A

FADEC controlled

38
Q

The middle number in a reciprocating engine ID represents _________.

A

Piston displacement in cubic inches.

39
Q

Cylinder walls are hardened by either _______ or _______.

A

Chrome plating,

The process of nitriding.

40
Q

_______ have a surface with a spiderweb of tiny stress cracks.

A

Channel-chromed cylinders

41
Q

A method of case hardening steel using heat and ammonia gases.

A

Nitriding.

42
Q

Used to restore or reinforce threads of a bolt hole.

A

Heli-coil insert

43
Q

The internally threaded, cast aluminum top that is screwed onto the steel cylinder barrel.

A

Cylinder head.

44
Q

T-shaped valve with a circular head, used to cover the intake and exhaust openings in the cylinder head

A

Poppet valve

45
Q

Pivoted arm that forces poppet valves off their seats.

A

Rocker arm.

46
Q

Take more punishment than any other component in an engine.

A

Exhaust valves.

47
Q

Two or more springs are used on each valve to prevent _____.

A

Valve surge/float.

48
Q

Multiple springs are used in valves to prevent valve float caused by _______.

A

Resonant frequency of the spring.

49
Q

______maintain zero clearance in the valve operating train

A

Hydraulic valve lifters

50
Q

5 reciprocating engine traits:

A 
Reliability,
Operating flexibility,
Durability,
Specific weight,
Streamline-ability
51
Q

Cylinder finish type identified by blue paint.

A

Nitride

52
Q

Cylinder finish type identified by orange paint.

A

Chrome plated

53
Q

T/F

The intake valve head is bigger than that of the exhaust valve.

A

True.

54
Q

T/F

The intake valve stem is bigger than that of the exhaust.

A

False

55
Q

Some valve stems are filled with sodium to _______.

A

Dissipate heat.

56
Q

4 types of reciprocating engines:

A

Radial,
Horizontally opposed,
V-engine,
In-line

57
Q

Two types of cooling:

A

Air and liquid

58
Q

The purpose of the cylinders’ firing order is to ______.

A

Reduce vibration.

59
Q

Two companies that produce 4 and 6 cylinder horizontally opposed engines:

A

Continental,

Textron-Lycoming

60
Q

Cooling systems use a mix of water and ______.

A

Ethylene glycol.

61
Q

_______ is welded to the face of many exhaust valves that operate at high temps.

A

Stellite

62
Q

An assembly fit in which the hole is smaller than the part that fits into it.

A

Interference fit.

63
Q

A reciprocating engine piston that is not round.

A

Cam-ground piston

64
Q

4 types of piston heads:

A

Recessed.
Truncated cone.
Domed.
Cupped.

65
Q

3 types of piston rings:

A

Compression.
Oil control.
Oil scraper/wiper.

66
Q

Almost all piston rings are made of _______.

A

Cast iron.

67
Q

T/F

Piston rings used in chrome plated cylinders must not be plated.

A

True

68
Q

The wear between the cylinder ring and cylinder wall produces a seal and allows the rings to ______.

A

Seat.

69
Q

3 methods of heat transfer:

A

Conduction.
Radiation.
Convection.

70
Q

A four cylinder crankshaft in a continental engine has 3 ______ and 4 _____.

A

Main journal bearings.

Throws.

71
Q

Component of a crankshaft that traps debris by centrifugal force.

A

Sludge plug.

72
Q

3 different methods of attaching props to engine crankshafts:

A

Splined shaft.
Tapered shaft.
Flanged shaft.

73
Q

Part of crankshaft that absorbs torsional vibrations.

A

Dynamic counterweights.

74
Q

Serves as the foundation of the engine and attaches the engine to the airframe.

A

Crankcase

75
Q

Horizontally opposed engine crankcases are cast of _____.

A

Aluminum alloy

76
Q

Crankshafts are supported in the crankcase by ______.

A

Plain bearings.

77
Q

T/F

Crankshafts do not use any type of ball bearing insert or bushing.

A

True.

78
Q

Parts of the valve train:

A 
Camshaft,
Cam lobe,
Hydraulic valve lifter,
Pushrod,
Rocket arm,
Valve springs,
Poppet valve.
79
Q

Used to maintain zero clearance in the valve train:

A

Hydraulic valve lifter

Zero lash valve lifter

80
Q

T/F

Most radial engines use hydraulic valve lifters.

A

False.

81
Q

The valve clearance when the engine is hot is ________ than the clearance when it is cold.

A

Greater.

82
Q

The cylinder barrel of a modern reciprocating engine is made of _______ or _______.

A

Chrome moly.

Chrome nickel moly.

83
Q

The part of the cylinder that fits into the crankcase.

A

Skirt.

84
Q

A type of cylinder in which the diameter at the top is smaller than the diameter at the middle.

A

Choke-ground/bored

85
Q

T/F

The diameter of a cam-ground piston perpendicular to the wrist pin is smallest.

A

False.

86
Q

A pin that is not clamped to either the connecting rod nor the piston is called ______

A

Full floating wrist pin

87
Q

The bearing on the small end of a connecting rod is a ______.

A

Bronze bushing

88
Q

The throws on a crankshaft of a 4 cylinder HO engine are ______ degrees apart.

A

180

89
Q

The camshaft of a HO engine turns at _______ the speed of the crankshaft.

A

One half

90
Q

The bearing used in most rocker arms is a _____

A

Bronze bushing

Powerplant (19 decks)

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