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Human Factors > Ailments > Flashcards

Ailments Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of ailments?

A

Ailments is an illness, typically a minor one.

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2
Q

What is the most common condition resulting in incapacitation of pilots?

A

Gastro intestinal illness (food poisoning)

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3
Q

How are some ‘not too nice’ micro-organisms are spread?

A 
Airborne
Ingestion
Direct Invasion
Wound Contamination
Inoculation
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4
Q

How are airborne micro-organisms spread?

A

Sneezing and coughing. These micro-organisms are present in mouth, nose and back of throat.

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5
Q

How are micro-organisms via ingestion spread?

A

Food we eat can get contaminated via the micro-organisms finding their way onto the food we eat via airborne, contact with materials (plates, bowls) and/or human contact.

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6
Q

What does URTI mean?

A

Upper respiratory tract infection

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7
Q

Pilots flying with URI place themselves in danger of?

A

Barotrauma with possibility of suffering damage to the ears.

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8
Q

What are symptoms of URTI?

A

Congestion, runny nose, sore throat.

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9
Q

URIs can cause blockage of what? Which means?

A

Blockage of the eustachian tubes therefore the air in the ear can’t equalize pressure making barotrauma extremely likely.

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10
Q

What is Eustachian tube?

A

Eustachian tube connects the middle ear and pharynx (part of throat).

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11
Q

What causes barotrauma?

A

Air trapped in an area of the body and cannot get out.

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12
Q

How does barotrauma affect a pilot in the air?

A

An altitude increase will cause the volume of air in the body to expand as pressure decreases with altitude. (High pressure wanting to go to low pressure).

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13
Q

Food poisoning is also known as?

A

Gastroenteritis.

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14
Q

Symptoms of gastroenteritis?

A

Nausea or vomiting,
Stomach pain
Diarrhoea

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15
Q

Precautions to prevent gastroenteritis affecting flight operations are?

A

12 hours before flight, and during flight, the crew should eat different food.

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16
Q

Antihistamines are?

A

Drugs which treat symptoms of allergies.

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17
Q

What are some symptoms of allergies?

A

Watery eyes
Runny nose
Hives (itchy reddened skin)

18
Q

What are some side effects of taking antihistamines?

A

Some side effects include, drowsiness and can impair balance, vision and judgement.

19
Q

If pregnant, permission to continue flying is required from?

A

DAME

20
Q

Exposure to air temperatures above ‘__’ degrees Celsius requires ‘__’ of water every ‘__’ minutes to prevent ‘___’.

A

Exposure to air temperatures above 30 degrees Celsius requires 250ml of water every 30 minutes to prevent dehydration.

21
Q

On a hot day it is possible to lose how many litres of body fluid by perspiration.

A

5 litres of body fluid.

22
Q

Early signs of dehydration are?

A

Dry nasal cavity and prickly sensations in the eyes.

23
Q

Performance begins to deteriorate in temperatures above?

A

32 degrees Celsius.

24
Q

How long after donating blood is it inadvisable for pilots to fly?

A

24 hours

25
Q

Does the effects of altitude become better or worse after donating?

A

Worse.

26
Q

How long after anaesthetic should you not fly for?

A

12 hours after local.

48 hours after general.

27
Q

What are the different types of Incapacitation?

A 
Sudden Incapacitation (happen quickly)
Subtle Incapacitation (happen slowly)
Total Incapacitation (totally unable to function effectively as pilot)
Partial Incapacitation (Only partly incapacitated but not the best of ability)
28
Q

Example of sudden incapacitation?

A

Heart attack or stroke

29
Q

Example of subtle Incapacitation

A

Decompression

30
Q

Example of total Incapacitation

A

Throwing up.

31
Q

Example of partial incapacitation

A

Dehydration

32
Q

Having a fit or seizure results in?

A

Total ban on flying licence.

33
Q

What are two types of psychiatric disease?

A

Pyschosis and Neurosis

34
Q

Example of Psychosis? Having this disease results in?

A 
Schizophrenia 
Manic depression (or bipolar disease?

Permanent denial of licence

35
Q

Example of Neurosis? This results in?

A

Anxiety
Obsession
Depression
Phobia

While flying when condition is active is banned, sufferers can return after period of good health.

36
Q

Malaria.

A

Kills more people than any other tropical disease.

37
Q

What is hepatitis?

A

Viral infection of the liver.

38
Q

What is rabies and how is it caused?

A

Rabies is a virus that moves to the brain and is caused by an animal bite.

39
Q

What is hypoglycaemia?

A

Hypoglycaemia is low blood sugar(glucose).

40
Q

What happens when a pilot goes up into the air with barotrauma?

A

An altitude increase will cause the volume of air in the body to expand as pressure decreases with altitude. (High pressure wanting to go to low pressure).

Human Factors (19 decks)

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