25)Vitamins

Question 1

Vitamins

Answer 1

Vital nutrients for organisms

Essential vitamins ⇢ Cannot be synthesised

2 classes of vitamin

1. H2O soluble ⇢ B + C
2. FAT soluble ⇢ A + D + E + K

Question 2

H2O soluble

Answer 2

B-complex ⇢ Energy releasing, Hemopoietic, Other

• B1 - Thiamine
• B2 - Riboflavin
• B3 - Nicotinamide
• B5 - Pantothenic acid
• B6 - Pyridoxine
• B7 - Folic acid

Non - B complex = vitamin C

Question 3

B1 - Thiamine

Answer 3

Used for metabolism of carbs + alcohol

Important for nerve cell functioning

Source ⇢ Wheat, Beans, Fish, Meats

B1 Deficiencies:

• Eye disorders
• Beri-beri disease

Question 4

B2 - Riboflavin

Answer 4

Helps process Amino Acids, Fats + Converts carbs into ATP

Sources ⇢ milk + cheese

Deficiency cause:

• Blurred vision
• Dermatitis

Question 5

B3 - Nicotinamide

Answer 5

For cell respiration, normal fluid secretion + NS functioning

Source - meat

Deficiency = mental disorders

Question 6

Vitamin C

Answer 6

• Bile formation
• Helps immune system
• Antioxidant property

Sources ⇢ citrus + fruits

Deficiency = scurvy

Question 7

FAT soluble ⇢ Vitamin A

Answer 7

• Antioxidant
• Aura ⇢ for sight
• Activation ⇢ for epithelial cells to differentiate

Sources ⇢ milk, eggs + spinach

Too much vA - Alopecia + abnormal pregnancy

Deficiency = night blindness

Question 8

Vitamin D

Answer 8

• Increases calcium in ⇢ Distal renal tubule + Duodenum
• BUT also destroys bone - activates osteoclasts

Deficiency:

• Kids ⇢ rickets
• Adults ⇢ osteomalacia

Question 9

Vitamin E

Answer 9

Antioxidant

Source ⇢ oils, veg, nuts

Question 10

Vitamin K

Answer 10

• Produces Clotting factors
• Crushed by Warfarin ⇢ W inhibits K’s ability

Source ⇢ kale + spinach

Deficiency = via long term broad spec antibiotics ⇢ kills natural microflora in gut