CSS

Question 1

what are the names of the individual pieces of a CSS rule?

Answer 1

selector, declaration block, property, value

Question 2

how do you select elements by their class attribute?

Answer 2

.class element

Question 3

how do you select elements by their type?

Answer 3

element name {}

Question 4

how do you select an element by its id attribute?

Answer 4

id element

Question 5

Name three different types of values you can use to specify colors in CSS

Answer 5

RGB values, hex code, color name

rgb a , hsl , hsl a

Question 6

what css properties make up the box model?

Answer 6

content(height, width), padding, border, margin

Question 7

which css property pushes boxes away from each other?

Answer 7

margin

Question 8

which css property add space between a box’s content and its border?

Answer 8

padding

Question 9

what is a pseudo class?

Answer 9

A css pseudo class is a keyword added to a selector that specifies a special state of the selected element. ex) :hover can be used to change a button’s color when the user’s pointer hovers over it.

Question 10

what are css pseudo classes useful for?

Answer 10

Pseudo classes let you apply a style to an element not only in relation to the content of the document tree, but also in relation to “external factors” like the history of the navigator(:visited), the status of its content(:checked), or position of the mouse (:hover)

Question 11

Name two types of units that can be used to adjust font-size in CSS.

Answer 11

rem, px, em

Question 12

what css property controls the font used for the text inside an element?

Answer 12

font-family

Question 13

what is the default ‘flex-direction’ of a flex container?

Answer 13

row: left to right in ltr; right to left in rtl

Question 14

what is the default ‘felx-wrap’ of a flex container?

Answer 14

nowrap : all flex items will be on one line

Question 15

why do two div elements “vertically stack” on one another by default?

Answer 15

images default is set to full width .

Question 16

what is the default flex-direction of an element with display:flex?

Answer 16

left to right (row)

Question 17

what is the default value for the position property of HTML elements?

Answer 17

static

Question 18

How does setting ‘position: relative’ on an element affect document flow?

Answer 18

relative positioning moves an element in relation to where it would have been in normal flow.

Question 19

How does setting ‘position: relative’ on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 19

After indicating that an element should be relatively positioned using the position property with a value of relative, you can use the offset properties to indicate how far to move the element from where it would have been in the normal flow (top right bottom left)

• exactly the same. now it’s just positioned.

Question 20

How does setting ‘position:absolute’ on an element affect document flow?

Answer 20

The box is taken out of normal flow and no longer affects the position of other elements on the page. ( they act like it is not there )

• act like elements not exist. big sweeping change.

Question 21

How does setting position:absolute on an element affect where it appears on the page?

Answer 21

moves the element to the element that is not static?

Question 22

How do you constrain an absolutely positioned element to a containing block?

Answer 22

by using the value not static.

Question 23

what are the four box offset properties?

Answer 23

top right bottom and left

Question 24

what are the four components of “the Cascade”?

Answer 24

source order, specificity, inheritance, important rule

Question 25

what does the term “source order” mean with respect to CSS?

Answer 25

If you have more than one rule, which has exactly the same weight, then the one that comes last in the CSS will win. You can think of this as rules which are nearer the element itself overwriting early ones until the last one wins and gets to style the element.

Question 26

how is it possible for the styles of an element to be applied to its children as well without an additional css rule?

Answer 26

inheritance. certain style to the parent and it will be applied to the children unless they have more specific styling

Question 27

list the three selector types in order of increasing specificity.

Answer 27

type selectors, class selectors, id selectors.

Question 28

why is using !important considered bad practice?

Answer 28

it’s hard to debug and improve the original style.

the only way to override it is to add another important rule or use javascript… which is bad.

Question 29

what does the transform property do?

Answer 29

it lets you rotate, scale, skew or translate an element. it modifies the coordinate space of the CSS visual formatting model.

Question 30

give four examples of css transform functions

Answer 30

translateX,Y,Z perspective

Question 31

Give two examples of media features that you can query in an @media rule

Answer 31

width height,, things that look like a property but its not a real property

Question 32

which html meta tag is used in mobile-responsive web pages?

Answer 32

viewport

Question 33

the transition property is shorthand for which four css properties?

Answer 33

transition-property, transition-duration, transition-timing-function, transition-delay

Question 34

what is a ‘breakpoint’ in responsive web design?

Answer 34

In responsive design, a breakpoint is the “point” at which a website’s content and design will adapt in a certain way in order to provide the best possible user experience

ex) width

Question 35

what is the advantage of using a percentage width instead of a fixed width for a “column” class in a responsive layout?

Answer 35

It is often used to define a size as relative to an element’s parent object.

we don’t know how the user’s screen is gonna be,

Question 36

If you introduce CSS rules for a smaller min-width after the styles for a larger min-width in your style sheet, the CSS rules for the smaller min-width will “win”. why is it?

Answer 36

cascade. source order applies even when using media queries. pay attention on where your media queries are applied.