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Cemeg 1.1 > 1.1 > Flashcards

1.1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What charge do ions of group 1 of the periodic table have?

A

1+ eg Li+, Na+

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2
Q

What charge do ions of group 2 of the periodic table have?

A

2+ eg Be2+, Ca2+

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3
Q

what charge do hydrogen ions have?

A

H+

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4
Q

What charge do the ions of transitional metals have?

A

Variable charges eg Iron|| chloride - the iron has a 2+ charge

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5
Q

What charge do the ions of group 3 elements have?

A

3+ eg B3+, Al3+

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6
Q

What ions do group 4 elements produce?

A

They do not form ions - they share electrons to from covalent bonds

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7
Q

What charge ions do elements of group 5 in the periodic table produce?

A

3- eg N3-, P3-

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8
Q

What charge ions do elements in group 6 of the periodic table produce?

A

2- eg. O2-, S2-

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9
Q

What charge ions do elements in group 7 of the periodic table produce?

A

1- eg. F-, Cl-, Br-

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10
Q

What ions do group 8 of the periodic table produce?

A

do not form ions because they do not react

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11
Q

______________ always form positively charged ions

A

Metals

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12
Q

__________ always form negatively charged ions

A

Non-metals

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13
Q

Hydroxide ion formula

A

OH-

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14
Q

Carbonate ion formula

A

CO3 ^ 2-

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15
Q

Nitrate ion formula

A

NO3-

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16
Q

Sulphate ion formula

A

SO4 ^2-

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17
Q

Sulphide ion formula

A

S2-

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18
Q

Hydrogencarbonate

A

HCO3 ^-

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19
Q

Ammonium ion formula

A

NH4^+

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20
Q

Nitride ion formula

A

N3-

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21
Q

Hydrocloric acid formula

A

HCl

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22
Q

Sulphuric acid formula

A

H2SO4

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23
Q

Nitric acid formula

A

HNO3

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24
Q

Carbon dioxide formula

A

CO2

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25
Sulphur dioxide formula
SO2
26
Methane formula
CH4
27
Oxygen gas formula
O2
28
Chlorine gas formula
Cl2
29
Ammonia
NH3
30
__________ ion is always written first in the formula
Positive
31
Metal + Water >
Metal hydroxide + Hydrogen
32
Potassium + Water >
Potassium hydroxide + Hydrogen
33
Calcium + Water >
Calcium hydroxide + Hydrogen
34
Metal + Acid >
Salt + Hydrogen
35
Magnesium + Hydrochloric acid >
Magnesium chloride + Hydrogen
36
Sodium + Sulphuric acid >
Sodium sulphate + Hydrogen
37
Calcium + Nitric acid >
Calcium nitrate + Hydrogen
38
Acid + Alkali >
Salt + Water
39
Sodium hydroxide + Hydrochloric acid >
Sodium chloride + Water
40
Sodium hydroxide + Sulphuric acid >
Sodium sulphate + Water
41
What is a base?
insoluble metal oxide or hydroxide
42
Acid + Base >
Salt + Water
43
Sulphuric acid + Copper oxide >
Copper sulphate + Water
44
Sodium oxide + Carbonic acid >
Sodium carbonate + Water
45
Acid + Carbonate >
Salt + Water + Carbon dioxide
46
Sodium carbonate + Sulphuric acid >
Sodium sulphate + Water + Carbon dioxide
47
Copper carbonate + Hydrochloric acid>
Copper chloride + Water + Carbon dioxide
48
Oxidation (electron transfer)
electron loss from a species
49
Reduction (electron transfer)
electron gain by species
50
What acronym is used to remember redox reactions in terms of electron transfer
Oxidation Is Loss Reduction Is Gain
51
__________ agent is an electron acceptor
oxidising
52
__________ agent is an electron donor
Reducing
53
What are the four steps to writing full Redox equations?
1) Balance the atoms 2) Balance the ions - the overall charge on each side 3) Scale up the half equations so the electrons cancel out 4) Re-write the half equations combines as an ionic equation
54
What is the oxidation number of an uncombined element?
0
55
What is the oxidation number of an ionic compund?
the charge on the ion eg. Copper || oxide (+2) (-2)
56
What is the oxidation number for a balanced compound?
The sum of all the oxidation numbers is zero eg Water H20 (+1 x 2) + (-2) = 0
57
What are the oxidation numbers for K, Na
+1
58
What are the oxidation numbers for Mg, Ca
+2
59
What is the oxidation number for Al
+3
60
What is the oxidation number of H
+1 (exception: metal hydroxide)
61
What is the oxidation number for F, Cl
-1 (with some exceptions)
62
What is oxygen's oxidation number
-2 (except for in peroxide - OF2)
63
In simple ions, the oxidation number is....
the charge on the ion eg Na+, O2-
64
In more complicated ions, the algebraic sum of the oxidation numbers is...
equal to the charge on the ion
65
In any substance the ___________ atom will have the negative oxidation number, leaving the less ___________ atom with the positive oxidation number.
Electronegative
66
In simple terms, what does electronegative mean and which elements do we mainly associate it with?
How well it attracts electrons N O F(most)
67
oxidation number for MgCl2
(+2) (-1)
68
oxidation number for SO2
(+4) (-2)
69
oxidation number for CO2
(+4) (-2)
70
oxidation number for NaOH
(+1) (-2) (+1)
71
oxidation number for PCl5
(+5) (-1)
72
name and oxidation number for SO4 ^ 2-
(+6) (-2) sulfate vi ion or sulfur vi oxide ion
73
oxidation number and name for MnO4 ^ -
(+7) (-2) manganate vii
74
name and oxidation number for IO3 ^ -
(+5) (-2) iodate v
75
oxidation number and name for MnO4 ^ 2-
(+6) (-2) Manganate vi
76
oxidation number and name for Cr2O7 ^ 2-
(+6) (-2) dichromate vi ions
77
Oxidation of an atom involves __________ in oxidation number
Increase
78
Reduction of an atom involves _________ in oxidation number
Decrease
79
Something is oxidised if (in terms of:) oxygen hydrogen electrons oxidation number
gains oxygen loses hydrogen loses electrons oxidation number increases
80
Something is reduced if (in terms of:) oxygen hydrogen electrons oxidation number
loses oxygen gains hydrogen gains electrons oxidation number decreases

Cemeg 1.1 (2 decks)

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