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AP Human Geography > 1.1-1.4 > Flashcards

1.1-1.4 Flashcards

(79 cards)

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1
Q

What are spatial patterns?

A

General arrangements of things being studied and the repeated sequences of events, or processes that create them

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2
Q

What is one of the most important tools used by geographers?

A

Maps

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3
Q

How are maps essential?

A

They highlight and analyze patterns

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4
Q

Political Map

A

Human-created boundaries(countries, states, cities, etc.)

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5
Q

Physical Map

A

Natural features(mountains, rivers, lakes, etc.)

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6
Q

Road Map

A

Highways, streets, alleys, etc.

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7
Q

Plat Map

A

Property lines and land ownership

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8
Q

Thematic Map

A

Spatial aspects of of information

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9
Q

Choropleth

A

Uses different colors and patterns, shows locations and distribution of spatial data

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10
Q

Graduated Symbol

A

Uses symbols of different sizes to show different amounts of things

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11
Q

Dot Distribution

A

Shows the specific location and distribution of something across a map using different dots of the same size

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12
Q

Isoline

A

Uses lines that connect points of equal value to depict variations in the data across space

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13
Q

Topographic

A

Shows different points of elevation

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14
Q

What is a scale?

A

The ratio between the size of things in the real world and the size of those same things on the map

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15
Q

Small Scale Maps

A

Shows a larger amount of area with less detail

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16
Q

Large Scale Map

A

Shows a smaller amount of land with more details

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17
Q

What are spatial patterns?

A

The general arrangement of something on a map

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18
Q

Latitude

A

The distance north or south of the equator

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19
Q

Longitude

A

The distance east or west of the Prime Meridian

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20
Q

Absolute Location

A

The precise spot of where something is according to a system

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21
Q

Relative Location

A

A description of where something is in relation to other things

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22
Q

Connectivity

A

How well two things are tied together by roads or other links

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23
Q

Accessibility

A

How quickly and easily people in one location can interact with people from another location

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24
Q

Direction

A

To describe where things are in relation to each other

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25
Distance
A measurement of how far or near things are to one another
26
Absolute Distance
Measured in feet, miles, meters, or kilometers
27
Relative Distance
The degree of nearness based on time or money and usually depends on mode of travel
28
What is distribution?
The way something is spread out over an area
29
What are patterns?
The general arrangement of things, in the distribution of something across space that gives clues about cause and effects of the distribution
30
Clustered/agglomerated
Heavy in one specific spot
31
Dispersed
Spread out very far
32
Geometric
In a grid like setup
33
Linear
In a straight line
34
Circular
Starts heavy in the middle but grows out, in a circle
35
Random
No pattern, places randomly
36
Mercator Projection
Used for navigation
37
Peters Projection
Used for spatial distributions related to area
38
Conic Projection
General use in midlatitude countries
39
Robinson Projection
General use
40
How do geographers gather data?
They use technical mapping from satellites or aerial photos
41
Landscape Analysis
Describing and defining landscapes
42
Field Observations
Physically visiting a place and recording firsthand information there
43
Spatial Data
All the data that can be tied to a specific location
44
Remote Sensing
Gathers information from satellites that orbit the earth or other craft above the atmosphere
45
Aerial Photography
Images captures form planes within the atmosphere
46
What is geospatial data?
Can be qualitative or quantitative, can be gathered by organizations or individuals, all information that can be tied to a specific place
47
How do you get geospatial data?
By doing fieldwork
48
What are some other sources of geospatial data?
Government policy documents, articles and videos from new outlets, photos
49
Why is it important to understand the limitations of data?
So we can be sure that the data is helping us, not hurting people or a society
50
Geovisualizations
2D/3D interactive maps(Google maps)
51
Global Positioning System(GPS)
GPS receivers on the earth's surface use the locations of multiple satellites to determine and record a receivers exact location
52
Remote Sensing
Uses cameras and other sensors mounted on aircraft or satellites to collect digital images or video of the earth's surface
53
Geographic Information Systems
Computer system that can store, analyze, and display information from multiple digital maps or geospatial data sets
54
What is NGO? How does it help the community?
Non-Governmental Organizations, they help increase the likelihood of success because they create buy-in from local residents and are more likely to be culturally accepted
54
What problems can you identify with geospatial data tools?
Water shortages, famine, rising conflicts, etc.
55
Even though they are inaccurate sometimes, why are underground maps still useful?
It's easier to use for passengers because they don't care if it's exact, they just need the relative location
56
A spatial approach considers the ______ of something being studied across the surface of the earth
Arrangement
57
Why are things _____ they are?
Where
58
How did things become ______ as they are?
Distributed
59
What is changing the ____ of distribution?
Pattern
60
What are the implications of the _____ distribution for people?
Spatial
61
Space
An area between two or more things
62
Location
Identifies where specific things are located either on a grid system or in relation to another location
63
Place
The specific human and physical characteristics of a location
64
A group of places in the same area that share a characteristic form a _____
Region
65
Site
The characteristics at the immediate location
66
Situation
The location of a place relative to it's surroundings and it's connectivity to other places
67
Sense of Place
Feeling safe and feeling as though you belong because of personal beliefs
68
Placelessness
Not feeling connected to a place, lacks uniqueness
69
Toponyms
Place names, provides insight into the physical geography, the history, and culture of the location
70
Example of a Toponym
The coast of Florida, "beaches"
71
Time-Space Compression
The shrinking of relative distance, between locations because of the improved methods of transportation and communication
72
Example of Time-Space Compression
New York and London(airplanes)
73
Spatial Interactions
The increasing connections between places
74
_____ refers to the patterns and movements of ideas, people. products, and other things
Flow
75
The _______ __ ________ indicated that when things are farther apart, they tend to be less connected
Friction of Distance
76
Distance Decay
The relationship between distance and connection
77
Example of Distance Decay
The weakening of a radio signal as it moves further away
78
Declining Influence of Distance
Buying NY clothes from LA

AP Human Geography (1 decks)

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