1.1-1.6

Question 1

Natural Rights

Answer 1

Each individual possesses rights that cannot be taken away by the government

Question 2

Democracy in the U.S. is based on the ideals of the…

Answer 2

Enlightenment

Question 3

Social Contract

Answer 3

Governments were created to protect the natural rights of citizens
People agree to follow the laws in exchange for their rights being protected

Question 4

Popular Sovereignty

Answer 4

The power of the government comes from the general will of the people

Question 5

Limited Government

Answer 5

The power of government should be restricted

Question 6

Declaration of Independence: Main Ideas

Answer 6

• all men are created equal
• people have unalienable rights
• purpose of the government is to preserve those rights
• government power comes from the people
• people have the right to alter or abolish an unjust government

Question 7

Representative Democracy

Answer 7

Republic

Question 8

Republic

Answer 8

A government in which people elect officials to represent their concerns

Question 9

Participatory Model

Answer 9

A model of democracy where citizens have power to influence policy decisions
-not direct democracy

Question 10

Pluralist Model

Answer 10

A model of democracy in which no single group dominates politics and organized groups compete with each other to influence policy
- interest groups

Question 11

Elite Model

Answer 11

A model of democracy that emphasizes limited participation in politics and civil society
- small number of people influence political decision-making

Question 12

The constitutional convention

Answer 12

Gathered to revise the A.o.C. But began writing the Constitution

Question 13

Federalist

Answer 13

• wanted to replace the A.o.C.
• strong national government was needed to fix the nations problems
• wanted to increase the powers of congress-> create a national executive and judicial branches
• elite model

Question 14

Anti-Federalist

Answer 14

• wanted to keep the A.o.C.
• feared that a strong national government would violate individual rights
• believed that the states should have more power
• participatory model

Question 15

Brutus 1

Answer 15

• Believed the U.S. was too large to be effectively governed by one gov
• new gov created by Constitution would be too powerful
  - necessary and proper clause and supremacy clause

Question 16

Federalist 10

Answer 16

• argued in favor of the new Constitution-> creation of a “large republic”
• worried about the creation of factions
• believed creating a large republic was the only way to control factions
• wanted elite democracy

Question 17

Factions

Answer 17

Interest groups

Question 18

Articles of Confederation

Answer 18

• the first gov of the U.S.
• United the colonies into the United Stares
• establish a “league of friendship”
• Created a confederacy

Question 19

Confederacy

Answer 19

A weak national govt where the states retain most of the governing power

Question 20

A.o.C. Congress could

Answer 20

• conduct foreign affairs
• declare war
• regulate currency
• borrow money
• acquire territory
• establish post offices

Question 21

A.o.C. Congress could not

Answer 21

• raise a standing (permanent) army or navy
• tax
• regulate trade

Question 22

Shay’s rebellion and the a.o.c.

Answer 22

Congress couldn’t raise an army to put down the rebellion which illustrated the weakness of the A.o.C. And many wanted changes to the govt

Question 23

2 options of representation in Congress

Answer 23

New Jersey Plan: each state has equal representation in Congress
Virginia Plan: representation in Congress determined by population

Question 24

The Great Compromise

Answer 24

Created a bicameral legislature

- House of Representatives and Senate

Question 25

House of Representatives

Answer 25

Representation proportional to state’s population | - the higher the population the more representation in the house

Question 26

Senate

Answer 26

Each state has equal representation

Question 27

Representation and Slavery | How should enslaved people be counted?

Answer 27

Southern states wanted enslaved people to be counted and Northern states did not - 3/5 compromise

Question 28

The Three-Fifths Compromise

Answer 28

Enslaved people counted as 3/5 of a person

Question 29

Slave trade clause

Answer 29

Congress could not limit international slave trade for 20 years

Question 30

Fugitive slave clause

Answer 30

Requires persons “held to a service of labor” who flee to another state be returned to his/her slave holder in the state they escaped

Question 31

Bill of Rights

Answer 31

First ten amendments

Question 32

Principles of the Constitution

Answer 32

1. republicanism 2. Popular sovereignty 3. Separation of Powers 4. Checks and Balances 5. Federalism 6. limited gov

Question 33

Federalist 51

Answer 33

Argues in favor of the separation of powers and checks and balances - federalism will further prevent factions from controlling government

Question 34

Weaknesses of the A.o.C.

Answer 34

- Congress couldn’t raise taxes - couldn’t regulate trade - couldn’t raise a standing army - 9/14 states to pass a law in Congress - no chief executive responsible for enforcing laws - no national court system - 13/13 states must agree to amend A.o.C. - states can print their own currency

Question 35

Commerce Clause

Answer 35

Congress can regulate interstate and international trade