1.1-1.6 9/20/15 Matter And Radioactivity Flashcards
(20 cards)
Diatomic element
An element that is never one atom, when these elements are on their own, they have to pair up.
Compound
Substance made up of 2 or more elements combined
Physical change
A change that does not alter a substances chemical identity
Homogeneous mixture
Solution, evenly mixed ex air and steel
Heterogeneous
Separately mixed substance, sand, salt, peanut butter
Ion
Particle that has a charge, (atom or a molecule)
Atom
Not a solid object, nucleus with an electron cloud
What is the length of an atom?
10^-10 meters = angstrum
Nucleus
10^-15 100,000x smaller than atom, the nucleus is made up of protons and neutrons
Element
Material that is made up of one kind of atom
Mass of an atom
P+N
Charge of atom
P+e
Atomic number
Number of protons in an element
Atomic mass
Average mass of an elements atom
Isotope
It is not the number of protons because that would change the element, but the number of neutrons that the isotope of the element has. Each isotope of an element has the same atomic number, but different mass numbers.
Nuclide
One of many isotopes of an element
Metals
To the left of metalloids, they lose electrons and form positive ions or cations
Non metals
Gain electrons and form negative ions
Is a proton a fundamental particle??
No, and neither can a neutron because they can break. An electron is a fundamental particle because it cannot be broken. they both (p and n) have a mass of 1.66x10^-27. Electrons have a mass of 9x10^-31 1800 times less than a proton or neutron
Non metal properties
They gain electrons and form negative ions called anions
