1.1-1.7 states of matter Flashcards
Describe “Solids” in terms of arrangement, movement and energy of the particles
arrangement:
tightly packed in fixed positions
movement:
vibrate in fixed positions
(the more their heated, the more energy they gain and the faster they vibrate)
energy:
very little energy
Describe “Liquids” in terms of arrangement, movement and energy of the particles
arrangement:
particles are very close together
movement:
move and flow randomly past one another
energy:
medium energy
Describe “Gases” in terms of arrangement, movement and energy of the particles
arrangement:
widely spaced and** randomly arranged
**
movement:
move rapidly in all directions,** frequently colliding** with each other
energy:
High energy
Name all the conversions between matter
-freezing
-melting
-evaporation
-condensation
-sublimation (solid to gas)
-deposition (gas to solid)
how is freezing achieved
Energy is transferred from a substance to the surroundings when a substance condenses or freezes. This is because the forces of attraction between the particles get stronger
how is melting achieved
as solids are heated the particles vibrate more and the forces of attraction are overcome or broken
how is evaporation achieved
as liquids are heated the particles gain more energy making the particles move faster & weakening the bonds holding the particles together eventually breaking the bonds and turning into a gas
how is condensation achieved
Energy is transferred from a substance to the surroundings when a substance condenses or freezes. This is because the forces of attraction between the particles get stronger
solvent definition
the liquid in which a solute dissolves
solute definition
substance that dissolves in solvent
solution definition
when a solute dissolves in a solvent
saturated solution defition
a solution into which no more solute can be dissolved
solubility definition
how much solute can fit into 100 g of solvent
practicial
(learn later)
