11/18/2014 Microscopic Anatomy Cartilage and Bone Ira Ames Flashcards Preview

Unit 5 > 11/18/2014 Microscopic Anatomy Cartilage and Bone Ira Ames > Flashcards

Flashcards in 11/18/2014 Microscopic Anatomy Cartilage and Bone Ira Ames Deck (32)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Cartilage and bone make up what kinds of tissue?

A

Supporting connective tissue

2
Q

Chondrocytes are located in _______.

A

Lacunae

3
Q

Name the 3 major functions of cartilage:

A
  1. Supports soft tissues
  2. Forms articular surfaces of bones
  3. Grow in length of long bones
4
Q

What is a function of a chondrocyte?

A

To produce and secrete ECM

5
Q

A round nucleus, prominent nucleolus and diffuse chromatin mean what for a cell’s functioning?

A

It’s actively making proteins, along with a lot of rough ER and mitochondria etc.

6
Q

What type of collagen is found in the perichondrium?

A

Type 1

7
Q

Where in cartilage are fibroblasts found?

A

Perichondrium, outer layer

8
Q

Where in cartilage are chondroblasts found?

A

Perichondrium, inner layer, and the beginning of the cartilage proper (appositional growth)

9
Q

What kind of growth occurs in cartilage, primarily?

A

Appositional growth

10
Q

Can chondroblasts undergo mitosis?

A

Yes, one daughter cell remains a chondroblast, the other daughter cell becomes a chondrocyte

11
Q

What is the secondary type of growth in cartilage?

A

Interstitial growth, meaning growth from within lacunae

12
Q

Do chondrocytes undergo mitosis?

A

They can, for a while. The fact that they don’t, for the most part, plus the lack of blood vessels, indicate that cartilage injury takes forever to heal.

13
Q

Nests of chondrocytes are also called:

A

isogenous groups

14
Q

True or False: Cartilage is avascular.

A

True, cartilage receives nutrients from diffusion, from the blood vessels in the perichondrium

15
Q

What are the 3 types of cartilage?

A
  1. Hyaline (most common)
  2. Fibrocartilage
  3. Elastic
16
Q

In what kind of cartilage is type II collagen found?

A

Hyaline

17
Q

Why does hyaline cartilage look blue?

A

Lots of sulfated GAGs soaking up stain

18
Q
What kind of cartilage is found in:
larynx
bronchi
trachea
articular surfaces of joints
epiphyseal plate
nose
A

Hyaline cartilage

19
Q
What kind of cartilage is found in:
external ear
epiglottis
laryngeal cartilages
eustachian tube
A

Elastic cartilage

20
Q

What kind of dye is used to stain elastic cartilage?

A

Orcein dyes

21
Q
What kind of cartilage is found in:
pubic symphysis
a few tendons
menisci of knees
annulus fibrosus
A

Fibrocartilage

22
Q

What layer of cartilage is not found in fibrocartilage?

A

Perichondrium

23
Q

What is the prominent form of collagen in fibrocartilage?

A

Type 1

24
Q

What are the four main pathologies associated with cartilage?

A
  1. Chrondroma (benign)
  2. Chondrosarcoma
  3. Osteoarthritis
  4. Calcification of matrix
25
Q

In what structures are osteocytes housed?

A

Lacunae

26
Q

True or False: Bone is vascular and has nerves.

A

True

27
Q

True or False: Bone undergoes interstitial growth.

A

False. Bone only undergoes appositional growth.

28
Q

Spongy bone is also known as:

A

Cancellous, trabecular

29
Q

How do Haversian canals run alongisde osteons?

A

Parallel to

30
Q

Volkman’s canals connect what structures?

A

Haversial canals (they run perpendicular between the canals)

31
Q

What is another word for remodeling of bone?

A

Functional adaptation

32
Q

What are four pathologies of bone?

A
  1. Osteroperosis
  2. Rickets
  3. Osteopetrosis
  4. Osteogenesis imperfecta

Decks in Unit 5 Class (36):