11/7 quiz: topics 5-8 (lead up to civil war through what learned on 11/4) Flashcards
(25 cards)
Info
Quiz format: 25 multiple choice
Know Amendments 13-19
Know cases’ significance and part of constitution
know chronology by era (not more specific than era)
Amendments 13-19
Reconstruction Era:
13: End slavery
14: Civil rights & due process w/o regard to race
15: right to vote regardless of race
Progressive Era:
16: graduated income tax
17: direct election of senators
18: alcohol ban (later revoked by 21st)
19: Women’s suffrage
13th amendment
end slavery
reconstruction era
14th amendment
def. citizenship, due process clause (w/o regard to race), equal protection clause
is “eroded” by supreme court
- say it only applies to fed gov (separate but equal) then say tis about economic liberty (contract), etc.
reconstruction era
15th amendment
right to vote (regardless of race)
reconstruction era
16th amendment
graduated income tax
progressive era
17th amendment
direct election of senators
progressive era
18th amendment
alcohol ban (later revoked by 21st)
progressive era
19th amendment
Women’s suffrage
progressive era
Court cases in order
Reconstruction Era:
Dred Scott v. Stanford (1854)
Slaughterhouse Cases (1873)
US vs. Cruikshank (1876)
Civil Rights Cases (1883)
Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896)
Gilded age:
Allgeyer vs. Louisana (1897)
Lochner vs. New York (1905)
Progressive era:
Buck v. Bell (1927)
Dred Scott vs. Stanford (1854)
SCOTUS says:
black Americans aren’t US citizens so don’t have rights
can’t ban slavery in territories
Roger Taney is justice
uses 13th & 14th amendments
context:
Dred Scott: born into slavery in slave state (MO). Lived in IL (free state) w/ master. Moved back to MO w/ master. Sues bc is free after lived in free state. - used as “test case” strategically w help of others
Slaughterhouse cases (1873)
Narrow circumstances you can argue 14th amendment violation (14th isn’t to make all equal it’s only for former slaves)
uses 14th amendment
US vs. Cruckshank (1876)
14th amendment only limits fed. gov. action not state/individual action
uses 14th amendment
1883 Civil rights cases
Private companies can’t be limited by 14th amendment
uses 14th amendment
Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896)
Separate but equal is okay (Jim Crow laws) and doesn’t violate 14th amendment
uses 14th amendment
Allgeyer vs Louisana (1897)
Say 14th amendment establishes free contract (in liberty protected by due process - weird argument)
(insurance thingy)
gilded age
uses 14th amendment
Lochner vs. New York (1905)
Gov can not limit work / free contract, wages, employment, etc. (baker thing)
14th is now a tool for advancement of laissez-faire economics, not for equality
gilded age
uses 14th amendment
Buck vs. Bell (1927)
Sterilization (Buck is institutionalized woman who was sterilized against her woman)
SCOTUS rules sterilization (w/o person’s permission/knowledge) is constitutional under police powers (doesn’t violate 14th due process)
gilded age
uses 14th amendment
Chronology of compromises
Missouri compromise: balance free/slave (add 1 free state, add 1 slave state, etc.)
- works for a while
Compromise of 1850:
1) Ends slave trade in Washington DC
2) Adds California as a free state
3) Strengthens fugitive slave act
4) Status of New Mexico and Utah as free or slave will be voted on by citizens of those states
1850 compromise not working - argued to be constitutional by both sides
Calhoun
Says 1850 compromise is unconstitutional because the constitution defends slavery so the government should defend the constitution by defending slavery (says its illegal to ban slavery)
any other stuff?
Lincoln
Says 1850 compromise is unconstitutional because the constitution supports not having slavery
any other stuff?
William Loyd Garrison
Abolitionist
Argues that slavery is a moral evil because god says no person is better than another (black=white AND man=woman!).
any other stuff?
John Brown
Abolitionist
“doer”
Murdering spree - righteous fighter for antislavery in response to _____________
Had harpers ferry raid plan of armed overthrow of slavery
- this did not end up happening but the plan made southerners illogically fear that a raid could happen and/or the gov could end slavery, contributing to their withdrawal from the union
any other stuff?
Southern ideas of freedom
Ability to own others labor (slaves) - in contrast to N. idea to control own labor
All exist in hierarchy so only whit men participate politically (they are the top of hierarchy so will make the best choices for everyone)
