1.1 and 1.2- monomers, polymers and carbs

Question 1

Define monomer

Answer 1

Smaller units that join together to form larger units

Question 2

Examples of monomers

Answer 2

-monosaccharides (glucose, fructose, galactose)
-amino acids
-nucleotides

Question 3

Define polymer

Answer 3

Molecules formed when many monomers join together

Question 4

Examples of polymers

Answer 4

-Polysaccharides
-proteins
-DNA/RNA

Question 5

What happens in a condensation reaction

Answer 5

A chemical bond forms between 2 molecules and a molecule of water is produced

Question 6

What happens in a hydrolysis reaction?

Answer 6

A water molecule is used to break a chemical bond between 2 molecules

Question 7

Name the 3 hexose monosaccharides

Answer 7

-Glucose
-fructose
-galactose
(all have molecular formula C6H12O6)

Question 8

Name the type of bond formed when monosaccharides react

Answer 8

-(1,4 or 1,6) glycosidic bonds
-2 monomers=1 chemical bond=disaccharide
-Multiple monomers=many chemical bonds=polysaccharide

Question 9

Name the 3 disaccharides and describe how they form

Answer 9

condensation reaction forms glycosidic bond between 2 monosaccharides
-Maltose= glucose + glucose
-Sucrose= glucose + fructose
-Lactose= glucose + galactose
(all have molecular formula C12H22O11)