1.1 Chemical in the Environment Flashcards
I can describe how different chemicals enter and impact the environment (27 cards)
Where is Chemicals Present?
EVERYWHERE!!! Everything is CHEMICALS
What are Chemicals made of?
All chemicals are made up of elements
How Chemicals enter our Environment?
Through the water, air, and soil
What are some Agricultural Activities that uses Chemicals in our environment?
Fertilizer and Pesticides
Pros and Cons of Fertilizer
Pros: Helps plants receive more nutrients to grow.
Cons: Causing environmental pollution and soil degradation that harms the environment. (Refer to Eutrophication)
Pros and Cons of Pesticides
Pros: Kills pests from harming plants
Cons: Chemicals enter the food, and pests adapt and grow immune to pesticides.
What is Eutrophication?
When a body of water receives an excessive amount of nutrients (phosphorus and nitrogen), leading to an increase in the growth of organisms, especially algae, which can lower oxygen levels and harm aquatic life.
What are Substances Necessary for Life?
Organic Compounds, Inorganic Compounds, and Nutrients
What are Organic Compounds?
Molecules containing carbon bonded to hydrogen
What are Inorganic Compounds?
do not contain carbon (mostly)
What are Macronutrients?
Chemicals that organisms need in large amounts
What are Micronutrients?
Chemicals that organisms need in small (aka trace) amounts
What are Optimum Amounts?
the amount of a substance that provides the organism with the best health
Name Types of Organic Molecules
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids, and Amino Acids
What are Carbohydrates
Organic molecules made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
What are Lipids (aka fats)
Organic compounds made up of many carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms are created to store excess sugars
What are proteins?
very large organic molecules made up of nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and sometimes sulfur
Amino Acids
the building blocks of proteins.
Nucleic Acids
re the largest and most complicated molecules found in living things.
Ways to Test For Organic Molecules
Glucose: use Benedict’s solution. Turns from blue to yellow/orange/red in the presence of organic molecules
Starch: use iodine solution, turns from red/yellow to blue-black in the presence of starch
Fat/oil: use brown paper, fats leave a translucent spot
Proteins: use biuret solution, turns from blue to purple to mauve in the presence of proteins
Groundwater
water found beneath the surface in the spaces between rock and soil
Water table
the top of the groundwater zone
Soil is made up of rock, sand, clay, and biotic material.
Pores
the tiny spaces between grains of soil.
Permeable soil
soil that contains interconnected pores that allow for quick movement of groundwater
