1.1 Compare Criminal Behaviour And Deviance

Question 1

How do we know which behaviours are deviant?

Answer 1

Because they are not socially accepted.

Question 2

How is deviance linked to our morals and values?

Answer 2

Deviance is linked to what society devalues as ‘immoral’ and what is considered the norm.

Question 3

How do we learn about deviant behaviours?

Answer 3

Through society, social media, and interactions with people.

Question 4

Are deviant behaviours the same around the world?

Answer 4

No, they can vary significantly.

Question 5

Give an example of an act which might be considered deviant in one place but not another.

Answer 5

Eating with your hands.

Question 6

Are deviant behaviours the same across time or have they changed?

Answer 6

They have changed over time.

Question 7

Give an example of how an act has changed from being deviant to not deviant or vice versa.

Answer 7

Open reaction trips.

Question 8

Are deviant acts always criminal?

Answer 8

No.

Question 10

What is the intention to commit a criminal act?

Answer 10

Mens rea

Question 11

What is the carrying out of a criminal act?

Answer 11

Actus reus

Question 12

What is a court sanction which includes time in prison?

Answer 12

Custodial sentence

Question 13

What is a court sanction where the offender has to pay money as a punishment?

Answer 13

Fines

Question 14

What is a court sanction where the offender is not punished as they are found morally blameless?

Answer 14

Discharge

Question 15

What is a court sanction where the offender must do unpaid work or has a curfew instead of fines or prison?

Answer 15

Community sentences

Question 16

What is a police sanction where the offender is immediately given a fine?

Answer 16

Penalty notices

Question 17

What is a police sanction for a minor offence where the offender admits and accepts a warning?

Answer 17

Cautions

Question 18

What is a police sanction where you admit guilt and agree to abide by certain conditions?

Answer 18

Conditional cautions

Question 19

What is a crime in the eyes of the law?

Answer 19

Legal definition of ‘criminal’

Question 20

What is a crime in the eyes of society, not necessarily the law?

Answer 20

Social definition of ‘criminal’

Question 21

What are positive or negative influences used by family and friends to persuade individuals into certain behaviours?

Answer 21

Informal sanctions

Question 22

What are positive or negative written rules applied by police, courts, teachers, etc.?

Answer 22

Formal sanctions

Question 23

What is Cohen’s term meaning an exaggerated public reaction to a press story causing public fear?

Answer 23

Moral panic

Question 24

What are the commonly held beliefs of a society which reflect what they think is important?

Answer 24

Values

Question 25

What are unwritten rules of behaviour?

Answer 25

Norms

Question 26

What is a set of ideas which underpin our ethical values?

Answer 26

Moral codes

Question 28

What do we mean by 'socially constructed'?

Answer 28

what society creates

Question 29

How do values link to crime?

Answer 29

going against values often means you're committing crime

Question 30

What are norms?

Answer 30

unwritten rules and socially accepted standards of behaviour in particular situations.

Question 31

How are norms linked to values?

Answer 31

What you believe is right (value) guides what you do in any given situation (the norm).

Question 32

What norms are in place that protect human life?

Answer 32

tragic lights, drinking and driving

Question 33

What are morals?

Answer 33

Moral codes are a set of basic ethical rules, principles and values that individuals, groups, organisations and societies can have.

Question 34

Do moral codes have to be written down?

Answer 34

No, they may or may not be written down, and people may not always adhere to them.

Question 35

What is an example of a moral code?

Answer 35

An 'ethical' vegan

Question 37

How do we know which behaviours are deviant?

Answer 37

Because they are not socially accepted.

Question 38

How is deviance linked to our morals and values?

Answer 38

Deviance is linked to what society devalues as 'immoral' and what is considered the norm.

Question 39

How do we learn about deviant behaviours?

Answer 39

Through society, social media, and interactions with people.

Question 40

Are deviant behaviours the same around the world?

Answer 40

No, they can vary significantly.

Question 41

Give an example of an act which might be considered deviant in one place but not another.

Answer 41

Eating with your hands.

Question 42

Are deviant behaviours the same across time or have they changed?

Answer 42

They have changed over time.

Question 43

Give an example of how an act has changed from being deviant to not deviant or vice versa.

Answer 43

Open reaction trips.

Question 44

Are deviant acts always criminal?

Answer 44

No.

Question 45

What are fatal offences against the person?

Answer 45

Murder, manslaughter

Question 46

What are non-fatal offences against the person?

Answer 46

GBH (Grievous Bodily Harm)

Question 47

What are offences against property?

Answer 47

Robbery, burglary, theft

Question 48

What are sexual offences?

Answer 48

Indecent assault

Question 49

What are public order offences?

Answer 49

Violent disorder

Question 50

What are drug offences?

Answer 50

Possession of controlled drugs

Question 51

Is speeding (85mph on a motorway) criminal, deviant, or both?

Answer 51

Both

Question 52

Is burglary criminal, deviant, or both?

Answer 52

Both

Question 53

Is naked sunbathing on a public beach criminal, deviant, or both?

Answer 53

Deviant

Question 54

Is robbery criminal, deviant, or both?

Answer 54

Both

Question 55

Is smoking in a restaurant (UK) criminal, deviant, or both?

Answer 55

Both

Question 56

Is theft of a bicycle criminal, deviant, or both?

Answer 56

Criminal

Question 57

Is borrowing £5 from a friend without them knowing criminal, deviant, or both?

Answer 57

Both

Question 58

Is hoarding newspapers criminal, deviant, or both?

Answer 58

Deviant

Question 59

Is excessive washing of hands criminal, deviant, or both?

Answer 59

Deviant

Question 60

Is being married to two people at the same time criminal, deviant, or both?

Answer 60

Deviant

Question 62

What are informal sanctions?

Answer 62

Informal sanctions are social responses to deviant behavior, such as frowning, glaring, raised eyebrows, name-calling, labeling, and parental actions like grounding or taking away money.

Question 63

What are examples of informal sanctions?

Answer 63

Examples include grounding, naughty steps, verbal confrontation, and social disapproval.

Question 64

What are formal sanctions?

Answer 64

Formal sanctions are penalties or enforcement measures used to ensure compliance with laws or regulations, imposed by courts or police.

Question 65

What are the types of formal police sanctions?

Answer 65

Types include cautions, conditional cautions, and penalty notices.

Question 66

What is a caution?

Answer 66

A caution is a minor penalty that is not a criminal conviction but is recorded by the police for 6 years.

Question 67

What is a conditional caution?

Answer 67

A conditional caution requires the person to abide by certain conditions, such as attending a specific awareness course or treatment.

Question 68

What happens if conditions of a conditional caution are breached?

Answer 68

If the conditions are breached, the person may be arrested.

Question 69

What are penalty notices?

Answer 69

Penalty notices are issued for offenses like shoplifting or being drunk and disorderly; they are not criminal convictions.

Question 70

Who can receive penalty notices?

Answer 70

Penalty notices can only be served to individuals aged 18 and over.

Question 71

What is the purpose of penalty notices?

Answer 71

They are used to reduce paperwork and resources for a stretched police force.

Question 72

What are formal sanctions?

Answer 72

Formal sanctions are penalties or enforcement measures used to ensure compliance with laws or regulations, imposed by courts or police.

Question 73

What are the types of formal police sanctions?

Answer 73

Types include cautions, conditional cautions, and penalty notices.