1.1 Defining and Describing Language Flashcards
language delay
when child’s language is developing but at a slower pace
language disorder
the child is showing different behaviors that are not typical for normal development
language can be looked at even when speech is not present
true
language is a _____
code
any disruption of the language code is a
disorder
ASHA definition of language disorder
an impairment in comprehension and or use of spoken, written, and or other symbol system
“Unimpaired language” means
greater behavioral stability and less sensitivity to external contextual demands and/or changes in the child’s current state
the same age child with a language disorder may show ______ behavioral stability and ________ sensitivity to external factors
less; more
what is a language model?
a way to represent what we think about language, the construct of it and how it’s acquired, assessed, and treated.
four models of language
- categorical model
- specific disabilities model
- developmental model
- emergentism
categorical model focus
language disorders are classified with a diagnostic category or syndrome
ex. autism, intellectually handicap, deaf/hearing impairment, specific language impairment
assessment and intervention: categorical model
assessment: focusing on determining the child’s diagnostic category
intervention: targets impaired behavioral systems presumed to be implicated in the syndrome
specific disabilities model focus
attempting to profile each child’s weakness– study underlying vulnerabilities as a cause for LD
3 major variations: (1) deficit auditory process, (2) linguistic deficits, (3) limited processing capacity approach
assessment and intervention: specific disabilities model
assessment: focuses on identifying impaired auditory processes or memory limitations
intervention: target impaired process identified with expectation that improvement of process = improved language skills
developmental model focus
LD are described in reference to the child’s current language functioning in content, form, and use; best description of LD is with reference to knowledge of typical hierarchy of language development
assessment and intervention: developmental model
assessment: describing the child’s current language functioning in content, form, and use.
intervention: targets intentional communication skills that are below expectancy when compared with typically developing children within a hierarchy of developmental phases.
emergentism focus
study of well organized emerging patterns of complex systems: focuses on the simultaneous stability of emerging language abilities of the child— interaction of nervous system, input, and contextual info
assessment and intervention: emergentism
assessment: change in language behavior that emerges from the properties of the child’s system in context of the properties of the assessment
intervention: focus on strengthening newly emerging states of instability and variability in a child’s language skills, through changes in external contextual demands
when creating goals for a child we should
look for what the child IS doing instead of what they are not doing
goals are
what we are modifying, based on highest level of performance and what we know about typical development
procedures are
how we plan to make modifications based on the child’s profile in terms of maintaining factors
what are maintaining factor areas
cognitive
sensorimotor
psychosocial
linguistic system itself
impairment in any of these system
what is taxonomy?
a categorization of language behaviors
form
the structures with which a child expresses ideas; sound system, words, etc.
- parts of speech, number of words, word order, morphemes, grammatical rules, etc.
