1.1 Gods Flashcards
(91 cards)
1
Q
What is Polytheism?
A
The worship of many gods.
2
Q
What is Monotheism?
A
The worship of one god.
3
Q
What is the Pantheon?
A
The collective term for the gods.
4
Q
What is anthropomorphic?
A
Where the gods were like humans.
5
Q
What is iconography?
A
The symbols that represented them.
6
Q
What is Religio?
A
The Roman term for religion meaning ‘correct worship for state gods’
7
Q
What is Hiera?
A
The Greek term for religion meaning ‘holy affairs’
8
Q
What is an Epithet?
A
A word or phrase to describe a god’s quality or skill.
9
Q
Where did the Greek gods MOSTLY live?
A
The clouds above Mount Olympus.
10
Q
Who married Uranus?
A
Gaia
11
Q
How was Aphrodite born?
A
She was born from the sea
12
Q
Who was the son of Uranus?
A
Cronos
13
Q
What is another name for Uranus?
A
Ouranos
14
Q
Who did Cronos marry?
A
Rhea
15
Q
Who are the children of Hera and Zeus?
A
Ares and Hephaisos
16
Q
Who doesn’t live on Mount Olympus?
A
Hades - Underworld
17
Q
Who out of the Pantheon is not an Olympian?
A
Hades - doesn’t live on Mount Olympus.
Hephaestus - Born a Human.
18
Q
What was Zeus’ Roman name?
A
Jupiter
19
Q
What was Zeus the god of?
A
King of gods,
Justice
Sky
Heavens.
20
Q
What was Poseidon’s Roman name?
A
Neptune
21
Q
What was Hades’ Roman name?
A
Pluto
22
Q
What was Hera’s Roman name?
A
Juno
23
Q
What was Athene’s Roman name?
A
Minerva
24
Q
What was Demeter’s Roman name?
A
Ceres
25
What was Hestia's Roman name?
Vesta
26
What was Hephaestus's Roman name?
Vulcan
27
What was Poseidon the god of?
Sea
Horses
Earthquakes
28
What was Hades the god of?
Underworld
| Death
29
What was Hera the god of?
Queen of Gods
Childbirth
Marriage
30
What was Athena the god of?
Wisdom
War
Battle Strategy.
31
What was Demeter the god of?
Harvest
| Agriculture
32
What was Hestia the god of?
Home
| Hearth
33
What was Hephaestus the god of?
MetalWork
Fire
Craftsmenship
34
What was Zeus' Iconography? (name three)
```
Beard
Lightning Bolt
Eagle
Throne
Sceptre
```
35
What was Hera's Iconography?
Diadem
36
What was Poseidon's Iconography?
Beard
| Trident
37
What was Hades' Iconography?
Cornucopia
| Persephone (wife)
38
What was Athene's Iconography? (name 3)
```
Owl
Helmet
Spear
Aegis
Breastplate
Sheild
```
39
What was Demeter's Iconography?
Diadem
| Bundle of wheat/grain or flowers.
40
What was Hestia's Iconography?
Veiled head
41
What was Hephaestus' Iconography?
Hammer
42
Who was Poseidon's son?
Polyphemus the Cyclops
43
Hades was a chthonic deity what does this mean?
Gods of death/underworld
44
Who was Athena daughter of?
Metis and Zeus (born fully grown out of his head)
45
Who was Athena's best friend?
Nike
46
Who was most favoured by Greek's and why?
Demeter because plebeians relied on her for grain and bread.
47
Why is the sacrifice to Hestia important?
It's the first one of the day, and is done in private at home.
48
What is special about Hephaestus?
He walked with a limp because Zeus threw him off Olympus
49
Advantages of a religion with many gods? /3
More opinions
Embracing in specific powers
Prayers are more effective praying to a single idea
50
Disadvantages of a religion with many gods? /3
Each god has it's own flaws
More money required for more statues, temples etc
Hard not to offend one god by pleasing another.
51
Advantages of anthropomorphic gods? /3
Relatable
Easier for people to write about and understand
Helps explain phenomenons easier
52
Disadvantages of anthropomorphic gods? /3
```
Offence in communication
Not as powerful because they are relatable
Creates idea that anyone can be a god
They'll fight and argue
The'll be more vulnerable
```
53
Why are gods necessary in greek and roman life? /3
Explain natural disasters + phenomenons
Creates unity between the people
Makes them feel stronger.
54
Before Rome was founded who inhabited Italy?
Lots of Tribes
55
Which Tribe ultimately took control?
Etruscans
56
What aspects of Etruscan design to Romans adopt?
Temple design and divination
57
Who else influenced the Romans?
Greeks and Hellenes
58
What is Capitoline Hill?
It was the political and ceremonial heart of the city.
59
Which popular Roman myths feature Pluto? /2
Orpheus + Eurydice in Ovid's Metamorphoses
| Abduction of Persephone
60
How was religion to Vesta different to the rest of the Pantheon?
She has her own priesthood and temple complex.
61
Explain the history of the temple on Aventine Hill?
Made for Diana by the sixth king of Rome Tullius
62
Why did the cult of Diana gain a large following by plebeians?
Because plebeians because Tulles himself was a slave (plebeian) and he dedicated the temple to her.
63
Who was the founder of Athens?
Cecrops
64
Why is Mars more important than Ares?
Because Romans loved war and Greek's didn't
65
What was Apollo the god of? /5
```
Music
Arts
Prophecy
Education
Archery
```
66
What was weird about the birth of Dionysus?
Mortal Mother
67
What were Maenads and Satyrs?
Maenads - female followers of Dionysus
| Satyrs - male followers of Dionysus
68
What is a Caduceus?
Snake eyed spear/staff
69
Why is Dionysus not an Olympian?
Demi-god
70
What was Aphrodite's Roman name?
Venus
71
What was Artemis' Roman name?
Diana
72
What was Apollo's Roman name?
Apollo
73
What was Hermes' Roman name?
Mecury
74
What was Ares' Roman name?
Mars
75
What was Dionysus' Roman name?
Bacchus
76
What was Aphrodite the god of?
Love
| Beauty
77
What was Artemis the god of? (name three)
Hunting
Wildlife
Childbirth
Moon
78
What was Hermes the god of?
Travel
Trade
Messenger
79
What was Ares the god of?
War
80
What was Dionysus the god of?
Wine
Parties
Theatre
81
What was Aphrodite's iconography?
Rising from sea shell
| Naked
82
What was Artemis' iconography?
Bow + Arrows
| Wild Animals
83
What was Apollo's iconography?
Bow + Arrow
Lyre
Eternal Youth
84
What was Hermes' iconography?
Traveller's Cap
Winged Sandals
Caduceus
85
What was Ares' iconography?
Armour
| Weapons
86
What was Dionysus' iconography? (name three)
```
Thyrus
Wines
Animal
Skin
Maenads + Satyrs
```
87
Where is Apollo's cult?
In Delos
88
Who is Artemis' twin brother?
Apollo
89
Who were the gods that could travel to the underworld freely?
Dionysus
| Hermes
90
Who was opposite to Athena?
Ares - Raw violence
91
Who was Dionysus' mother?
Semele from Theban
