1.1 Properties and Structure of Matter

Question 1

Physical state depends on…

Answer 1

Temperature or energy

Question 2

What is the degree of movement and the space between the particles determined by?

Answer 2

Energy and relationship between particles

Question 3

What are physical properties?

Answer 3

Observed or measured w/o changing the matter, reversible

Question 4

Example of physical properties

Answer 4

Colour, hardness, melting point

Question 5

What are chemical properties?

Answer 5

Describe the reactivity of matter

Question 6

Examples of chemical properties

Answer 6

pH, radioactivity, flammability

Question 7

Are elements and compounds pure substances?

Answer 7

Yes

Question 8

What is a homogenous mixture

Answer 8

uniform composition e.g. salt water

Question 9

What is a heterozygous mixture

Answer 9

variable composition (parts remain separate) e.g. oil and water

Question 10

What is filtration?

Answer 10

Separation of suspensions (insoluble), hole sizes, membranes w charge, separated by attraction, homogenous mixtures

Question 11

Evaporation

Answer 11

Uses boiling points, water evaporate, solute left behind

Question 12

Distillation

Answer 12

evaporates solvent from solution, differences in boiling points

Question 13

Sieving

Answer 13

separate by particle size, holes

Question 14

Magnetic separation

Answer 14

separate magnetic (e.g. iron) solids from non-magnetic

Question 15

Sedimentation and decantation

Answer 15

combination used to separate solid, insoluble particles from liquid or liquids in heterogenous mixture
1. mixture stand undisturbed, dense solid particles sink
2. pour off liquid part

Question 16

Fractional Distillation

Answer 16

separate a mixture of liquids w diff boiling points, contains glass beads or plates

Question 17

What is percentage composition

Answer 17

% of mass of each element

Question 18

Percentage composition formula

Answer 18

% of element = mass of element/compound mass

Question 19

What is gravimetric analysis?

Answer 19

Determining the quantities (masses) of substances present in a sample

Question 20

What do groups in the periodic table share?

Answer 20

chemical and physical properties

Question 21

What do periods in the periodic table share?

Answer 21

same number of electron shells

Question 22

3 properties of metals

Answer 22

Dense, high mp and bp, high tensile strength

Question 23

3 properties of non-metals

Answer 23

dull colour, poor conductor, not malleable

Question 24

4 properties of metalloids

Answer 24

Shiny, brittle, poor conductor of electricity, good conductor of heat

Question 25

What does inorganic mean?

Answer 25

non-carbon compounds

Question 25

What does organic mean?

Answer 25

carbon-related compounds

Question 26

What do ionic compounds contain?

Answer 26

metal cation and non-metal anion (electron transferred)

Question 27

What are covalent compounds?

Answer 27

electrons are shared between ions (nonmetals)

Question 28

What are ions

Answer 28

atoms that have lost or gained electrons