1.10 Introduction to Biological Molecules (3.1.2.1)

Question 1

Individual biological molecules that can be linked to form chains are called…

Answer 1

monomers

Question 2

Which type of reaction take place every time a monomer undergoes polymerisation?

Answer 2

a condensation reaction

Question 3

Which polymer do many mononucleotides form?

Answer 3

Polynucleotides

Question 4

Name the common biological monomers

Answer 4

mononucleotides (or just nucleotides)

monosaccharides

amino acids

Question 5

Describe a hydrogen bond

Answer 5

When the positive charge of one polar molecule is attracted to the negative charge of another polar molecule.

Question 6

a hydrolysis reaction requires…

Answer 6

the addition of water to separate a polymer into its monomers.

Question 7

What is meant by metabolism?

Answer 7

All of the chemical reactions that are taking place in the human body

Question 8

What is a solute?

Answer 8

The solid that is dissolved to make a solution

Question 9

Name 3 common biological polymers

Answer 9

Polynucleotides

Polysaccharides

Polypeptides (proteins)

Question 10

Describe a covalent bond

Answer 10

When atoms share a pair of electrons in their outer shell.

Question 11

Which polymer do many monosaccharides form?

Answer 11

Polysaccharides

Question 12

a condensation reaction releases…

Answer 12

a water molecule when monomers join

Question 13

Name the 3 types of bond that join biological molecules together

Answer 13

Covalent bonds

Ionic bonds

Hydrogen bonds

Question 14

Long chains of monomer sub units are called…

Answer 14

polymers

Question 15

What is a molecule?

Answer 15

When two or more atoms are chemically bonded together.

Question 16

Describe an ionic bond

Answer 16

When oppositely charge ions are attracted to one another e.g. Na+ and Cl-

Question 17

What is an atom?

Answer 17

The smallest particle of a chemical element that can exist

Question 18

How can we easily find the mass of 1 mole of an element?

Answer 18

Look up the atomic mass of the element on a periodic table.

Question 19

what is a solvent?

Answer 19

The liquid that a solute is dissolved into to make a solution

Question 20

Which polymer do many amino acids form?

Answer 20

Polypeptides (proteins)

Question 21

Which type of reaction take place every time a polymer is broken down into monomers?

Answer 21

hydrolysis

Question 22

name the molecule

Answer 22

unsaturated fatty acid

Question 23

Name a biological molecule that contains nitrogen

Answer 23

protein/amino acids

DNA

RNA

ATP/ADP

NAD/NADP

nucleotide

Question 24

define a monomer

Answer 24

smaller/repeating unit/molecule from which a larger molecule is made (polymer)

Question 25

What monomers make up lactose?

Answer 25

galactose and glucose

Question 26

name the bond between 2 monosaccarides

Answer 26

glycosidic

Question 27

name the bond between fatty acids and glycerol

Answer 27

ester