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5th acs - dental anomalies > Dental Anomalies II > Flashcards

Dental Anomalies II Flashcards

1
Q

How can eruption be disturbed?

A

Can be premature or delayed?

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2
Q

When are more likely to see premature eruptions of teeth?

A

High birth weight

Hormonal abnormalities - excess GH/ thyroid

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3
Q

Whats a neonatal tooth?

A

Teeth erupt in first 30 days due to superficial or ectopic position tooth germ

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4
Q

Issue w/ neonatal teeth?

A

No root is formed - mobile - risk of inhalating and will interfere w/ feeding

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5
Q

Management of neonatal teeth?

A

XLA due risks

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6
Q

When is it common to see delayed eruption?

A

Low birth weight
Pre-term syndromes
Endocrinopathies impaction

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7
Q

What are reasons for premature exfoliation?

A

Trauma or extraction
Immune - cyclic neutropenia
Cementum deficiencies

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8
Q

What are reasons for delayed eruption?

A

Infraocclusion
Ectopic successors
Hypodonita

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9
Q

What defects can see in structure of tooth?

A

All tissue - arrested development
Enamel defects
Dentine defects
Cementum defects

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10
Q

Example of enamel defects?

A

Hypomineralisation
Hypoplasia
Discolouration

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11
Q

What is hypomin?

A

Poor quality of enamel - porous leading to opacities

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12
Q

What is hypoplasia?

A

Poor quantitiy of enamel = pits, grooves

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13
Q

What are some systemic effects that can cause enamel defects?

A

Maternal and foetal conditions e.g rubella
Premature/ low birthwieght
F- - excessive dose
Severe/chronic child hood ilness

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14
Q

What child hood illness could cause enamel defect?

A

Feveres
Measles
Chicken pox
Use of tetracylinices

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15
Q

What systemic features can give localised enamel defects?

A

Infection/ trauma

Cleft lip/palate

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16
Q

Example localised enamel defect?

A

MIH

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17
Q

Why get opacities in hypo mineralisation?

A

Disruption to mineralisation at maturation stage causing porosity

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18
Q

How does hypomin appear?

A

White/cream/yellow/brown opaque patch - have altered translucency due to altered texture

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19
Q

Is hypomin localised or generalised?

A

Can be both

20
Q

How to differentiate between hypo min and fluoride induced opacities?

A

F- induced

  • Brown
  • See in primary and permannet teeth
  • Dose dependent appearance
  • Symmetrical distribution
21
Q

What defect is hypoplasia?

A

Quantitative - deficienct matrix production = less enamel

22
Q

How does hypoplasia appear?

A

Pits, grooves

Chronologically ‘matching’ teeth affected w/ systemic upset

23
Q

What can localised hypoplasia be referred to?

A

Turner tooth

24
Q

What is turner tooth?

A

Hypoplasia due trauma/ infection or primary tooth = damage underlying permanent tooth germ

25
Q

What teeth are commonly turner teeth?

A

4s/5s

26
Q

When can see change in colour of teeth?

A

Incorporating circulating substance - metabolic disorders (bilirubin)/ tetracycline
Incoportation pulp products - loss vitality
Exogenous agents - dietar/ bacterial

27
Q

What is AI?

A

Hereditary condition causing enamel defect

28
Q

What conditions are likely to have increased associated w/ AI?

A

AOB
Hearing impairment
Renal calcification
Cone-rod dystrophy

29
Q

How does AI present?

A

Vairable - diverse phenotpyes

Can be hypomin or hypoplastic

30
Q

Classic appearance of AI?

A

Soft enamel wears away
Bilateral and symmetrical - not always
Snowcapped teeth

31
Q

Different classifications of AI?

A

Hypoplastic
Hypomature
Hypocalcified

32
Q

What dentition does AI affect?1

A

Both

Secondary more affected

33
Q

What is type of gene mutation seen in AI only seen females?

A

Lyonisation

34
Q

What is lyonisation?

A

Random inactivation one of X chromosomes

35
Q

What see in lyonisation AI?

A

Bands of normal and abnormal enamel - alternate ameloblast formation

36
Q

What are defects of dentine?

A

DI
Radicular dentine dysplasia
Fibrous dysplasia

37
Q

What can dentine defects be associated w/?

A

Osteogenesis imperfecta
Elhers-danlos
Rcikets
Hypophosphatasia

38
Q

Most common dentine defect?

A

Dentinogenesis imperfecta

39
Q

What gene responsible for DI?

A

DSPP - defect in non-collagenous dentine matrix protein

40
Q

How does DI present?

A

Opalesent teeth w/ brown/ blue colour
Bullbous crowns w/ short/thin roots
Pulp chamber oblieration

41
Q

What dentition does DI affect?

A

Both - primary is more severe

42
Q

How is dentine abnormal DI?

A

Irregular and reduced tubules

Cellular inclusions from pulp = gradual obliteration

43
Q

What is type I DI associated w/

A

Osteogenesis imperfecta

Mutation collagen type I genes

44
Q

Clinical features of osteogenesis imperfecta?

A

Bone fragile/ deform
Lax joins
Blue scerla

45
Q

What is dentine dysplasia?

A

Root dentine affects = normal crowns morphology and dentine but short blunt roots

46
Q

What see in dentine dysplasia?

A

Mobile teeth

5th acs - dental anomalies (4 decks)

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