1102 Essential Review Flashcards by William Carosella

Primary Partition

Part of the MBR style
is a bootable drive

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Extended Partition

MBR style, used to host logical drives (gets around the 4 partition limit)

Logical drives are not bootable at startup, but can be booted after startup

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Dynamic Disk

Windows style of partitioning - creates volumes instead of dirves

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Capabilities of Volumes

Volumes can be:

-Simple - act like primary part
-Spanned - extend across multiple SSD/HDDs (if one fails, everything is lost)
-Striped - RAID 0 setup
-Mirrored - RAID 1 setup

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GPT

GUID Partition Table

Has a 128 partition limit
No size limit

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MBR

Master Boot Record

4 partition limit
2.2 TB size limit per partition

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FAT32
(Max file size, max partition size)

File Allocation Table (format style)

Max file size of 4GB
Max partition size of 8TB

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NTFS
(Max file size, other features)

New Tech File System (format style)

-Max file size of 16TB
-Encryption using EFS
-Uses ACL (access control list) to set permissions
-Compression capable

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exFAT

No real max file size
Max 512 TB partition

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APFS

Apple File System

optimized for SSD, compression, snapshots, encryption

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ext4

Linux file system

max file size 16TB
max volume 1 EB

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Windows 10 Home Capabilities

RAM: 128GB
No domain
No RDP service (client yes)
No Group Policy
No Bitlocker
No LTSB

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Windows 10 Pro Capabilities

RAM: 2TB
Yes domain
Yes RDP service
Yes Group Policy
Yes Bitlocker
No LTSB

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Windows 10 Pro for Workstations Capabilities

RAM: 6TB
Yes domain
Yes RDP service (client yes)
Yes Group Policy
Yes Bitlocker
Yes LTSB

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Windows 10 Enterprise Capabilities

RAM: 6TB
Yes domain
Yes RDP service (client yes)
Yes Group Policy
Yes Bitlocker
Yes LTSB

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Time and Language
(Where in Windows, What Purpose)

Category in Settings App

Adjust time, date, speech settings, region

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Update and Security
(Where in Windows, What Purpose)

Category in Settings App

Windows Update
launch windows security app (firewall, defender, etc)
Backup and Recovery (not system restore)
Troubleshooters
Bitlocker

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Personalization
(Where in Windows, What Purpose)

Category in Settings App

Colors, themes, icon choice, etc

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Apps
(Where in Windows, What Purpose)

Category in Settings App

Lists installed applications
Remove applications
Change autostart
(skype, edge, office, onedrive, dropbox, etc)

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Privacy
(Where in Windows, What Purpose)

Category in Settings App

Adjust app permissions
configure data collection for advertising

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System Category
(Where in Windows, What Purpose)

Category in Settings App

Sound settings
Display settings
Bluetooth settings
Notification Settings
Power and Sleep settings
RDP settings
Domain/Workgroup Settings

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Devices
(Where in Windows, What Purpose)

Category in Settings App

Small adjustments to attached devices (printers, mice/keyboards, bluetooth)

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Network and Internet
(Where in Windows, What Purpose)

Category in Settings App

Connection status
Adapter settings
Sharing options
VPN
Proxy

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Gaming
(Where in Windows, What Purpose)

Category in Settings App

Game Mode
Xbox game bar

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Accounts (Where in Windows, What Purpose)

Category in Settings App Privleges and permissions

System Applet (Where in Windows, What Purpose)

Control Panel Opens the System category in Settings - displays specs of your computer Will also be used to open the System properties dialog box

Sound Applet (Where in Windows, What Purpose)

Control Panel Same features as Sound category in settings

Indexing Options Applet (Where in Windows, What Purpose)

Control Panel Adjust the indexing options (what folders are indexed for search)

Ease of Access Applet (Where in Windows, What Purpose)

Control Panel Acecssibility tools

Administrative Tools Applet (Where in Windows, What Purpose)

Control Panel Many important tools such as Disk Management and Defragment live here.

File Explorer Options Applet (Where in Windows, What Purpose)

Control Panel Personalize File Explorer Show Hidden Files ($ at end) Show or hide extensions View Options

Disk Management

Snapin diskmgmt.msc In Administrative Tools, allows you to format and create partitions, etc

Resource Monitor (location, start shortcut, purpose)

in Administrative Tools (or Task Mangager) resmon Detailed view on resource usage suspend/start processes without killing Good for realtime monitoring

Microsoft Management Console (location, start shortcut, purpose)

Standalone mmc.exe Used to launch and organize your snapins (often administrative tools)

Event Viewer

Admin tools Snapin eventvwr.msc

Task Scheduler

Admin Tools Snapin taskschd.msc Automate things

Certificate Manager

Admin tools Snapin certmgr.msc view certs

Device Manager

Snapin devmgmt.msc drivers and such

Local Users and Groups

Snapin lusrmgr.msc Accounts and permissions

Performance Monitor

Snapin perfmon.msc long-term overview of system efficiency vs fine grain view of Resource Monitor Uses objects and counters

Event Viewer

Snapin eventvwr.msc 4 types of logs (application, security, setup, system) Various event levels

FileVault

Apple's storage device encryption service

Permission Propogation

Moving volumes inherits new permissions Moving inside same volume retains original permissions Copying regardless inherits new permissions

Owner, Group, Everyone

The order of linux permissions

rwxrwxrwx

Read, write, execute order of linux file modes Add them: r=4 w=2 x=1

Command that changes unix the owner and group of file or folder | No quotes or brackets included

chown <"new owner">:(<"new group">) filename

Command that changes unix file modes (access permissions)

chmod 421 = -r---w---x chmod 764 = -rwxrw-r--

Quality vs feature update

quality = patches feature = full OS upgrade

Backup Types (4)

full incremental - fast generation, store changes since last incremental (slower restore, has to have full and all incrementals) differential - changes since last full backup, good if data doesn't change much synthetic - merges full with all incrementals, new full

Pagination commands in Windows and Unix

/p for windows (pipe)|more for unix

command for seeing files in a directory

ls -l = Unix dir = Windows

command to advance contents of a file line by line or page by page

command to print out entire file contents

cat

command to append two files

cat file1 file2

command to delete a single file in windows

del

command to copy a file

copy notes.txt has to be run from within the current directory

command and switches to copy directories

xcopy /s all nonempty subdirectories /e all empty subdirectories

command to copy and create a mirrored structure (overwriting files that don't match)

robocopy /mir

command to format a partition

format /FS:

command to see the version of windows

winver

command to refresh group policies

gpupdate

command to see current group policies

gpresult

command to run the system file check

sfc /scannow

command to turn off the computer command to restart the computer

shutdown now shutdown now /r

command to see snapshot of process usage

ps aux

command to see realtime measurements of resource usage

top

command to search file contents for a specific string

grep

command to edit or generate text files

nano

command to see free disk space

df -h (human readable)

.bat .ps1 .sh .py .js .vbs

.bat - batch - windows systems .ps1 - powershell - AD integrations .sh - shell - unix systems .py - python - all systems, good for networking .js - javascript .vbs - visual basic - office apps

Procurement Life Cycle

Identify Needs Evaluate Suppliers Negotiate Terms and Finalize Order Receive Invoice and Process Payment Delivery and Audit Maintain Records

Rollback Plan

Undoing a change, must be planned out

Sandbox Testing

Usually virtualized, safe environment to experiment with changes

Change Management

Request forms - will include justifications Purpose of Change Scope of Change Document Date and Time Determine Impact Level of Risk vvvvvvvv Change Board Approval Plan for change implementation End-User Acceptance

msconfig

troubleshoot, diagnose, and optimize windows - lots of startup/boot settings

1102 Essential Review Flashcards

(75 cards)