Foundations Of Cognitive Psychology Flashcards

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0
Q

Wundt

A

1879
Original psychologist one of and investigated consciousness
First to think about use of a lab, good design, use of reaction times, used introspection

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1
Q

What is cognitive

A

Short answer is - it is scientific method to study the mind

Long answer - cognitive investigation scientifically the human process of concepts, thinking, language, perception, emotion, memory and consciousness

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2
Q

Eddinghaus

A
Germany 1879
Started to investigate memory and perception
Understood the need for IVs and DV 
Control of confounding variables
Credited for discovering visual illusion
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3
Q

James

A
Another of the originals
1879
USA
Observed human behaviour
Found that thinking over again of a memory improves the memory
Ones self as agent
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4
Q

Watson

A
1930
Behaviourism
Looked at behaviour within the real world
How ppl r influenced
Believed psychology should be objective
Scientific
Stimuli = response
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5
Q

Lashley

A

1948
Looked at problems with behaviourism such as the work of Watson
Stressed the importance of higher mental properties, planning and problem solving
Stressed the complexity of language.

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6
Q

Chomsky

A

1959
Argued that language cannot b thought of as just a learned process like behaviourism suggest, used children to stress this did an experiment ungrammatical language should hi der the children but it did not.

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7
Q

Tolman

A

1948
Rats in a maze
Tolman showed that if changed the maze rats knew where the food was they had made a cog map a mental construction suggesting it is mental construction

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8
Q

Fowler

A

Phrenology

Different areas of the brain - different personality

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9
Q

Gall

A

1860
Suggested language is at the front of the brain
The ideas of different areas of the brain is still accepted today

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10
Q

Broco

A

Post mortem
Severa aphasia
Damage to the cerebral cortex
Phrenology

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11
Q

Wernicke

A

Similar to broca
Phrenology
Developmental model of language due to studies on aphasia patients

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12
Q

Ward

A

2010
Classical neuropsychology
Brain damage tell us about the function of the brain
HM severe epilepsy - op - memory problems

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13
Q

Craik

A
1943
Computers and the mind
Mental models of the world
These models represent behaviour
This idea influenced the development of cog development
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14
Q

Turing

A

1936
Turing model
Showed reasoning ‘human mind process’ could be implemented digital
So computer could be used as a way to understand the human mind
The one where the people and the computer are in boxes hiding which one is the computer if the computer can trick you the computer can think

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15
Q

McCarthy

A

1956
Coined the phrase
AI

16
Q

Marr

A
1970
Looked at computer models more
Looked at inputs and outputs
2D - 3D images as humans
What processes are needed to give an input and produce an output
17
Q

What does cog do

A
Look at scientific theory
Theory hypothesis
Make a model
It produces predictions to be tested
Speculate on the unobservable
Scanning such as fMRI is a step towards the unobservable