Chronic Leukemia Flashcards
What is CLL?
- Neoplastic proliferation of naive B-cells
What do cells co-express in CLL?
CD5 and CD20
What is seen on blood smear in CLL?
Increased lymphocytes and smudge cells
- Splattered looking cell
What is it called when lymph nodes are involved in CLL?
Small lymphocytic lymphoma
What are the complications of CLL?
- Hypogammaglobinemia
- Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
- Transformation to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (spleen and lymph node enlargement)
What kind of leukemia is Hairy cell leukemia?
- Neoplastic proliferation of B cells
- Characterised by hairy cytoplasmic processes
- Cells are positive for TRAP
What are the signs of hariy cell leukemia?
- Splenomegaly (red pulp)
- Dry tap with bone marrow aspiration
- Lymphadenopathy usually absent
What is hairy cell leukemia treated with?
2-CDA
- Adenosine deaminase inhibitor
- Adenosine accumulates to toxic levels in neoplastic B cells
What kind of leukemia is adult t cell leukemia?
CLL
What is ATLL a neoplastic proliferation of?
CD4+ T cells
Where is ATLL associated (what countries)?
Carribean and Japan HTLV-1 infection
What does ATLL feature usually?
- Rash
- Generalised LAD and HSM
- Lytic bone lesions with hypercalcemia
What is mycosis fungoides?
Neoplastic proliferation of mature CD4+ T cells
- Cells infiltrate skin, producing a rash, plaqurs or nodules
What are the aggregates of neoplastic T-cells in the epidermis called?
Pautrier microabscesses
What is it called when cells in ATLL spread to blood?
Sezary syndrome
- Characteristic lymphocytes with cerebriform nuclei are seen on blood smear
- Nucleus looks like it has lobes (cerebrifirm)
